2006—2015年无锡市滨湖区职业病状况分析

Analysis on status of occupational diseases in Binhu District of Wuxi City from 2006-2015

目的分析无锡市滨湖区2006—2015年职业病发病规律和发生特点,为制定职业病防治措施提供依据。方法收集滨湖区近10年来确诊的职业病病例为研究对象,建立数据库并进行数据分析。结果 2006—2015年,滨湖区共收到职业病确诊报告病例71例,前3位的职业病种类为矽肺(53例)、噪声聋(4例)、铸工尘肺/苯中毒(3例);尘肺病的平均发病年龄最高(58.07岁),职业性眼病平均发病年龄最低(30.00岁),急性中毒发病工龄最短(0.5 a),尘肺病平均发病工龄最长(14.64 a);不同种类职业病间平均发病年龄、平均发病工龄差异有统计学意义(F=9.861,P=0.000;F=3.748,P=0.005)。结论滨湖区职业病以职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病、职业性化学中毒、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病为主,应关注采石企业接尘退休人员的健康监护,同时加强新职工职业健康素养的宣传教育工作。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemic patterns and characteristics of occupational diseases in Binhu District of Wuxi City from 2006-2015,provide basis for developing the prevention and control measures.[Methods]The occupational disease cases diagnosed in 10 years in Binhu District were enrolled in the study,to build the database and analyze the data.[Results]Totally 71 cases of occupational diseases were diagnosed from 2006-2015 in Binhu District,and the top three occupational diseases were silicosis（53 cases）,noise-induced deafness（4 cases） and founder pneumoconiosis or chronic benzene poisoning（3 cases）. The average age of onset in pneumoconiosis patents was the oldest（58.07 years old）,while that in occupational eye disease patents was the youngest（30.00 years old）. The average working age of onset in acute poisoning patents was the shortest（0.5 year）,while that in pneumoconiosis patents was the longest（14.64 years）. The differences in average age of onset and average working age of onset were statistically significant among different categories of occupational diseases（F =9.861,P =0.000,F =3.748,P =0.005）.[Conclusion]The predominant occupational diseases in Binhu District are occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases,occupational chemical poisoning,and occupational otolaryngological and stomatological diseases. It is necessary to pay attention to health surveillance of retired dust-exposed workers in quarry enterprises,and strengthen the publicity and education to improve the occupational health literacy of new workers.