2015年太原市某汽车配件生产有限公司职业病危害现状调查

Survey on the current status of occupational hazards in an auto parts manufacturing company,Taiyuan city,2015

目的了解太原市某汽车配件生产有限公司职业病危害、防护设施效果和职业卫生管理状况。方法 2015年7月通过职业卫生现场调查收集汽车配件生产线生产工艺流程、职业病防护设施、职业卫生管理等相关资料,运用个体采样和定点短时间采样方法对生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素进行检测,采用检查表分析法进行评价。结果该企业在生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素主要有氧化铝粉尘、铝合金粉尘、其他粉尘、电焊烟尘、氟化氢、一氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、氨、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、噪声、高温和紫外辐射;检测工作场所23个作业点的氟化氢、一氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、氨、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯8种化学有毒物质,检测合格率均为100.00%;检测工作场所22个作业点的粉尘浓度,检测结果为0.57~3.46mg/m3,其中研磨车间有1个作业点铝合金粉尘浓度超过国家卫生标准,检测合格率为87.50%(7/8);检测的物理因素有噪声、高温和紫外辐射,其中噪声共检测46个作业点,其强度范围为80.4~97.1dB(A),各车间噪声检测合格率分别为66.67%(4/6)、85.71%(6/7)、53.85%(7/13),其中有9个作业点噪声强度超标,超标岗位主要分布在模具、研磨和机加车间;高温检测结果时间加权WBGT指数为25.1~25.9℃,紫外辐射的检测结果为0.01μW/cm2,检测合格率均为100.00%。结论该企业职业病危害因素关键控制点为铝合金粉尘和噪声,工作场所职业病危害防护设施运行有效,职业卫生管理符合国家标准要求。

Objective To understand the occupational hazardous factors,the effect of protective equipment and the occupational health management in an auto parts manufacturing cornpany,Taiyuan city. Methods Data were collected on the production process, the occupational protective equipment, the occupational health management and other related information, the occupational hazards of the auto parts manufacturing company were detected by the methods of personal sampling and short sampling,and evaluated by using the checklist in July 2015. Results The occupational hazards of the production process were mainly alumina dust, aluminum dust, other dust, welding fumes, hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, ni tric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, noise, heat and ultraviolet radiation; 8 kinds of toxic chemical substances were detected inn 23 workplace operating points, which were hydrogen fluoride, carbon monoxide, ni tric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, each of the qualification rate was 100.00 % ; the dust concentration was detected in 22 workplace operating points, the result was 0.57-3.46 mg/m3 ,one of the aluminum dust concentrations exceeded national health standard in the polishing workshop,the testing passing rate was 87.50%（7/8）; The physical factors of noise, heat and ultraviolet radiation were detected 46 noise operating points, the results of the noise were 80.4-97.1 dB （A）. In each workshop, the noise detection qualified rate was 66. 67% （4/6）, 85.71% （6/7）, and 53.85%（7/13）. In 9 operating points,the noise intensity exceeded the standard,where they were mainly distributed in the mold,grinding and machine shops; The results of high temperature were 25. 125.9 ℃-25.9 ℃, Ultraviolet radiation test result was 0.01μW/cm2 ,the qualification rate was 100.00%. Conclusion The critical control points of the occupational hazards are aluminum dust and noise. Workplace occupational hazard protection facilities are running efficiently,and occupational health management is in line with national standards.