颗粒细胞与卵母细胞自噬对卵泡发育和闭锁的调控

Progress in mechanism of granulosa cell and oocyte autophagy in ovarian follicular growth and atresia

卵巢早衰(POF)、多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)等卵巢生殖疾病发病率日益增高,已经成为严重危害女性身心健康的疾病。目前研究表明卵巢生殖疾病中各时期卵泡的闭锁由颗粒细胞(GCs)和卵母细胞凋亡引起,随着对卵泡发育中分子机制研究的深入,揭示了GCs和卵母细胞的凋亡并不是导致卵泡闭锁的唯一因素,自噬的诱导同时参与了卵泡的生长、闭锁和分化,介导了颗粒细胞和卵母细胞的程序性死亡。本文就当前GCs与卵母细胞自噬的诱导进行系统回顾,总结卵巢卵泡发育和闭锁过程中细胞自噬机制,旨在为后续研究提供参考。

The incidence of ovarian reproductive diseases such as premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovary syndrome are increasing, which has become the diseases that harm to female physical and psychological health seriously. Current studies suggest that follicular atresia in ovarian reproductive diseases has a great relationship with apoptosis of oocyte and granulosa cell. However, with the deepening of the study, researchers find that apoptosis is not the only factor that cause follicular atresia. Induced autophagy can also act on human granulosa cell and oocyte so as to participate in the follicular growth, atresia and differentiation. Therefore, we make a review of current researches of oocyte and granulosa cell apoptosis and summarize autophagy mechanism in ovarian follicular growth and atresia in order to provide a reference information for future research.