论汉语中介语语料库建设的基本问题

Aspects of Chinese Interlanguage Corpus Construction

本文讨论汉语中介语语料库建设中互相关联的四个基本问题:1.语料有不同种类,应该对入库语料的种类和性质有清醒的认识;2.中介语语料的自然性不是不证自明的,应该对其自然性有所认识和把控,语料的连续性各不相同,应该有收集的规划、规则和说明;3.应注意语料的全面性和代表性,大而全的全面性面临分级对齐的巨大难题,局部的代表性有其不可替代的价值;4.中介语语料库长于展开语言要素的习得研究,难以直接进行认知层面的探究,语料的标注与否各有利弊,基于语料库的中介语研究应与习得者母语、目的语及教学输入语言相比勘方能更具解释力。

This article discusses four main aspects of Chinese interlanguage corpus construction： （1） Clear distinction must be made between different types of corpus entries, and entries of different properties. （2） The authenticity of corpus entries is not self-evident, and thus requires examination and supervision; plans, rules and expositions should be made in collecting series of entries at different intervals. （3） The issue of global universality versus regional pai＇ticularity deserves attention： the former is faced with great difficuhies in keeping in line with the findings of regional particularity while the latter has its irreplaceable values in its own right. （4） Interlanguage corpus is useful for the study of language acquisition, but is difficult to be applied in the study of cognitive elements. It has both merits and defects in marking morphemes. Interlanguage corpus research may have more expository power together with studies of learner＇ s first language, target language and teaching language.