加速康复外科护理对直肠癌患者术后康复与营养状况的影响

Effects of fast-track surgery nursing on postoperative rehabilitation and nutritional status in patients with rectal cancer

目的探讨加速康复外科护理对直肠癌患者术后康复与营养状况的影响。方法选取2012年9月至2016年9月间重庆市大足区人民医院收治的82例行肿瘤根治术的直肠癌患者。采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组41例,观察组患者给予加速康复外科护理,对照组患者给予围术期常规护理。比较两组患者术后康复及营养状况。结果观察组患者的尿管留置时间、肛门排气时间、排便时间、开始半流质时间、下床活动时间和住院时间均短于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。手术7d后,对照组患者总蛋白、白蛋白和前白蛋白水平均降低,观察组各结果变化不明显,且观察组各结果均比对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症总发生率为19.5%,低于对照组的75.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理总满意率为97.6%,高于对照组的75.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论直肠癌患者围术期给予加速康复外科护理效果显著,促进术后恢复,改善营养状况,降低并发症,值得应用推广。

Objective To study the effect of fast-track surgery nursing on postoperative rehabilitation and nutritional status in patients with rectal cancer. Methods Eighty-two patients with rectal cancer who received radical resection therapy at Chongqing Dazu District People＇s Hospital from September 2012 to September 2016 were selected. According to random number table,patients were divided into an observation group and a control group with 41 patients in each group. The observation group received fast track surgery nursing while the control group received routine nursing during the perioperative period. Postoperative rehabilitation and nutritional status were compared between the two groups. Results The urine tube indwelling time,anus exhaust time,defecation time,semifluid initiation time,ambulation time,length of hospital stay was shorter in the observation group than in the control group（ all P 0. 05）. At 7 d after surgery,total protein,albumin and prealbumin levels reduced in the control group and changes in the observation group were not significant,but changes in the observation group were higher than the control group（ P 0. 05）.The overall incidence of complications was 19. 5% for the observation group which was lower than 75. 6% of the control group（ P 0. 05）. The overall satisfaction of nursing was 97. 6% for the observation group which was higher than 75. 6% of the control group（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion Fast-track surgery nursing is well for perioperative with colorectal cancer,which can effectively promote postoperative recovery,improve the nutritional status and reduce the complications.