肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者照护知识评估问卷的研制

Development of a questionnaire on caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers in children with nephrotic syndrome

目的研制适用于评估肾病综合征患儿主要照护者照护知识的评估问卷。方法采取德尔菲法，通过文献回顾，在访谈10例肾病综合征患儿主要照顾者、对5名医疗及护理专家进行预调查的基础上形成专家咨询问卷，选取省内外16名专家进行2轮专家函询，对问卷的维度、因子、条目进行筛选，并对问卷的信效度进行分析评价。结果2轮函询问卷有效回收率专家积极系数均为100%，专家权威系数为0.95，专家协调系数W检验P〈0.05；形成了包含疾病基本知识、饮食知识、用药知识、个人卫生与感染预防、活动与休息、居家护理共6个维度，26个因子，106个条目的问卷。问卷内在一致性信度Cronbach α系数为0.872，重测信度为0.823，分半信度为0.855，问卷总体平均效度指数为0.948，提取6个公因子进行探索性因子分析，累积方差贡献率〉65.633%。结论通过德尔菲法研制的肾病综合征患儿主要照护者照护知识的评估问卷，具有较高的可靠性，对于评价肾病综合征患儿主要照护者照护知识具有现实意义。

Objective To explore an assessment questionnaire for assessing caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers in children with nephrotic syndrome.Methods Delphi method was used to review the literature. Ten primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome were interviewed and five medical, nursing experts were pre-surveyed to form an expert consultation questionnaire. Sixteen experts from some provinces were selected to carry out two rounds expert consultation. To screen the dimensions, factors, entries of the questionnaire and to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results The positive coefficient was 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.95 and the expert co-ordination coefficient W test was P〈0.05 of the two rounds expert consultation. The questionnaire data included 6 dimensions, 26 factors, 106 items. The basic knowledge of disease, diet knowledge, medication knowledge, personal hygiene and infection prevention, activity and rest, home care constitute the dimensions. The Cronbach α coefficient was 0.872, the test-retest reliability was 0.823, the split-half reliability was 0.855, and the average overall validity index of the questionnaire was 0.948. Six common factors were extracted for exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative variance contribution 〉 65.633%.Conclusions The questionnaire of caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome developed by Delphi method has high reliability. The questionnaire is of practical significance for evaluating the care of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome.