中国干热岩开发:任重而道远

Hot Dry Rock Development in China:A Long Way to Go

在所有可再生能源发电中唯有地热发电可以作为基础载荷,保持电网安全稳定运行,而要想让地热电力担负起中国能源革命的重任,必须依靠干热岩发电。我国干热岩资源丰富,相当于2013年全国基础能源消耗的4000多倍。受世界干热岩/增强型地热系统(EGS)试验热潮的影响,我国也做出了积极的响应。自"十二五"以来,国家设立了研究项目,国土资源部开始试验勘探,我国第一口干热岩科学钻探深井在福建漳州开钻,还有一些地方也投入了试验。但是从初步成果来看,所获结果不够科学严谨,今后应予以充分重视。中国干热岩发电需要走的路还很长,正确选址—科学钻井—激发压裂—循环连通试验—建设电厂这些步骤要一步一步地走。一些存在歧义和误导的商业宣传应予以纠正。中国地热工作者的责任就是要不断努力改进技术,寻求创新。

Among all renewable energy sources used in power generation,only terrestrial heat can provide the basic load to ensure a safe and stable operation of the power grid.To let terrestrial heat-based power genera-tion to prop up a national energy revolution,China must rely on hot dry rock-based power generation.China has abundant hot dry rock resources,which are equivalent to more than 4000 times the country′s primary energy consumption in 2013.Influenced by global enthusiasm for dry hot rock/EGS experiments,China has also responded actively.Since the twelfth Five Year Plan,China has set up research programs and the Ministry of Land Resources has begun to explore for this resource on a trial basis.Spudding of the country′s first hot dry rock deep well has begun in Zhangzhou,Fujian province.Relevant experiments have also begun in some other areas.However,from preliminary results,outcomes are not rigorous enough and attention should be paid to this in future programs.China still has a long way to go to commercialize hot dry rock power generation and must complete the procedures of site selection,drilling,stimulation fracturing,circulating connection experiment and power plant construction step by step.Ambiguous and misleading commercial advertisements should be rectified.Chinese terrestrial heat professionals′duties are just to unremittingly improve technology and seek innovations.