HIV/AIDS病人HBV HCV梅毒感染率的调查分析

Prevalence of HIV/HBV,HIV/HCV and HIV/syphilis co-infections

目的通过回顾性研究,了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎(简称丙肝)病毒(IHCV)、梅毒的感染率及乙肝病毒表面抗体(HBsAb)的阳性率,为预防HIV/AIDS病人发生合并感染提供理论依据。方法 2014年8月1日至2015年7月31日,对在北京地坛医院皮肤科门诊开始抗病毒治疗的1 010例成年HIV/AIDS病人,收集基线的人口学资料和临床资料,使用描述性统计学方法分析HIV/AIDS病人HBV、HCV和梅毒的感染率。结果 1 010例HIV/AIDS病人的年龄中位数为29(26~37)岁,96.14%(971例)为男性,91.39%(923例)的病人通过性途径感染HIV。931例病人在基线检测了乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg),阳性率为6.55%(61例)。918例病人在基线检测了HBsAb,阳性率为58.71%(539例),28.98%(266例)病人HBsAb的数值>100 mIU/mI。921例病人检测了抗-HCV,阳性率为2.28%(21例)。870例病人进行了甲苯胺红不加热血清试验(TRUST),阳性率为24.48%(213例)。男性HIV/AIDS病人合并梅毒的感染率比女性高(P=0.043),70.42%(150/213)的HI+V/梅毒病人TRUST的滴度≥1:4。结论HIV/AIDS病人合并I-IBV感染率相对较高,HBsAb阳性率低,在适当的时机应进行乙肝疫苗的接种或补种。虽然HIV/AIDS病人合并HCV感染率相对比较低,但这部分人群依旧是存在的,必要的时候应建议启动丙肝的治疗。HIV/AIDS病人合并梅毒感染率很高,临床医生在工作中应向病人宣传如何有效地预防性传播疾病,即使高效抗病毒治疗后,HIV核糖核酸处于检测下限,HIV/AIDS病人也应使用安全套。

Objective To retrospectively study the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）/hepatitis B virus（HBV）,HIV/hepatitis C virus（HCV） and HIV/syphilis co-infections and HBsAb positive in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods Baseline demographic and clinical data of 1010 HAART-naive HIV-infected patients were collected from August 1,2014 to July 31,2015 in Beijing Ditan hospital.The prevalence of HIV/HBV,HIV/HCV and HIV/syphilis co-infections were analyzed with descriptive methods.Results 1010 HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS） HAART naive patients participated in the study.Their median age was 29 years old,with 96.14%male.931 patients was detected for hepatitis B surface antibody（HBsAg）,with 6.55%（61/931） of HBsAg-positive.918 patients was detected for HBsAb,with 58.71%（539/918） of HBsAb-positive,and 28.98%（266/918） were more than 100 mIU/mL.921 patients was detected for anti-HCV antibody,with2.28%（21/921） of anti-HCV-positive.870 patients was detected for TRUST,with 24.48%（213/870） of TRUST-positive,and prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infected male patients was higher than that of female patients（P=0.043）.TRUST titer of 150 HIV/syphilis co-infected patients was more than 1：4（70.42%）.Conclusion The prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infected patients is relatively high,and that of HBsAb positive is relatively low,indicating that HBV vaccination is necessary for HIV（＋）/HBsAg（-） patients with lower titer of HBsAb.We also find higher prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infection,suggesting that the patients should know how to effectively prevent themselves from sexually transmitted diseases.We also find low prevalence of HIV/HCV coinfected patients,who should take HCV antiviral therapy.