菇渣基质添加蚓粪对番茄幼苗的影响

Effects of the plug seedling media produced by mushroom residue added with vermicompost on tomato seedlings

以菇渣为主要原料,添加不同量蚓粪复配成育苗基质,通过温室大棚育苗试验,研究菇渣蚓粪育苗基质的理化性质及其对番茄幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:各复合基质处理理化性质均满足番茄幼苗的生长。G16V1(菇渣、蚓粪比为16∶1)混合基质最有利于番茄幼苗茎叶生长和叶绿素累积;G2V1(菇渣、蚓粪比为2∶1)混合基质最有利于幼苗根系发育以及鲜、干物质累积;G8V1(菇渣、蚓粪比为8∶1)与G2V1混合基质最有利于番茄幼苗壮苗形成,其壮苗指数较对照分别提高20.6%、33.2%。这一结果说明2∶1、8∶1混合基质最适宜番茄幼苗生长发育,能促进番茄幼苗系统发育,形成壮苗。考虑到成本等因素,推荐以8∶1体积比添加蚓粪的菇渣基质作为番茄幼苗的育苗基质。

In order to investigate the physical and chemical characters of the compound substrate produced by mush- room residue added with vermicompost and its effect on the growth of tomato seedling, the different mixture ratios of ver- micompost with mushroom residue were conducted in plug experiments, with a commercially nursery media as control. Results showed that all the compound substrate could provide the suitable growing condition for tomato seedlings. Within all treatments, G16V1 （94.1% mushroom residue ＋5.9% vermicompost） was the best one for stem and leaf growth of tomato seedlings and their chlorophyll content while G2V1 （66.6% mushroom residue ＋33.3% vermicompost） was the best one for root growth of tomato seedlings and dry matter accumulation. Comparing to the control, G8V1 （88. 9% mushroom residue ＋ 11.1% vermicompost） and G2V1 could significantly increase the healthy index of seedlings by 20.6% and 33.2% respectively. In short, G8V1 and G2V1 were the optimal ratios for the growth of tomato seedling, but considering the factors such as cost, the optimal compound substrate was consisted of mushroom residue and vermicom- post in the volume ratio of 8 ： 1.