其兴也勃,其亡也忽 再谈1960年的“超声波化”运动

Springing up Prosperously while Dying Away Hurriedly Review on the Ultrasound Movement in 1960

"超声波化"运动是"大跃进"期间技术领域中诸多群众运动的典型代表。这场运动经历了开端、高潮和衰退三个阶段,最后以失败而告终。多角度的分析表明,这场运动失败的直接原因在于超声器质量不合格、超声技术应用不合理以及一些项目本身不具有科学性,更深层次的原因则在于科技管理的运动模式和重实践轻理论的认知模式。

During the Great Leap Forward, Ultrasound Movement was a typical representation among various technological mass movements. It experienced the beginning, climax, decline with a failure ending. Analysis from different perspectives showed that the immediate reasons of the movement＇s failure were unqualified ultrasound devices, unreasonable applications of ultrasound technology and some unscientific projects. Furthermore, the movement pattern of technological management, and the cognitive pattern of practice orientation, should be the substantial reasons responsible for the failure .