汉日形容词义序错配结构的句法语义特征探究

On Syntactic and Semantic Features of Adjective Semantic-syntactic Mismatch between Chinese and Japanese

义序错配结构是一种句法形式与语义关系扭曲的结构,汉语和日语中都存在这种语言现象。从句法平面和语义平面对汉日形容词的义序错配结构进行对比研究,结果表明在汉语形容词义序错配结构中,名词的语义特征比较丰富,而日语则相对比较单一;义序错配结构在汉语中比在日语中使用更普遍,能进入该结构的汉语形容词多为重叠式状态形容词,而日语形容词没有韵律特点,不受此限制,这反映了义序错配结构对汉语形容词在韵律上的选择限制,体现了汉语形容词韵律结构的特征。

Semantic-syntactic mismatch is the distortion structure between syntactic form and semanticrelationship. This is the common linguistic phenomenon in Chinese and Japanese. The present paper con-ducts a contrastive study of adjective semantic-syntactic mismatch between Chinese and Japanese from syntaxand semantics. The results show that the semantic feature of nouns in Chinese is richer than that in Japa-nese; semantic-syntactic mismatch appears more often in Chinese than in Japanese, and the adjective inChinese is almost reduplicative status-adjectives compared with norhythmic feature in Japanese adjective, sothe rhythmic limitation doesn＇t exist in Japanese. It indicates that there is rhythmic limitation in adjective se-mantic-syntactic mismatch structure in Chinese and the feature of Chinese.