宋词中梅花意象的审美类型探析

Research on the Aesthetic Types of the Blossom Image in Chinese Song Poems

梅花是宋词中最惹人注目的意象之一。宋词中"梅花"这一物象,在与审美主体之"意"相融合的过程中,既体现了宋代的群体审美取向,同时,由于不同词人在身世遭遇、个性与人品等方面的个体差异,又呈现出不同的审美类型。第一种是美人风姿,由梅花联想到美人;第二种是隐者风尚,梅花与隐士形象结合,象征着冷寂自处、孤独不群的隐逸精神;第三种是君子情操,梅花被诠释为一种坚贞弘毅、不畏艰苦的君子品格。

＂The plum blossom＂ image in Song Poems, with integration of the ＂meaning＂ of aesthetic subject, reflected the group aesthetic trend of song dynasty, meanwhile, due to individual differences in life experience, personality and character, it portrays different aesthetic types. The first type is a beauty charm. The plum blossom is in association with the beauty; the second is hermit fashion. Combined with the hermit image, the plum blossom is seen as the symbol of the spirit of reclusion of coldness, quietness and loneliness. The third is the gentleman sentiment. The plum blossom is interpreted as a kind of gentleman＇ s character in firmness, mightiness, fearlessness of hardship.