“个体努力”与“教育公平”——一个基于文化批判的分析

“Individual Efforts” and “Education Equity”——An Analysis Based on Cultural Criticism

教育公平的现有研究普遍接受社会文化做出的公平承诺,并在平等原则、差异原则和补偿原则统合的框架下落脚于个体努力,但是,一方面,个体的努力品性是"主体-环境"交互作用的结果,因此,要想实现教育公平,需要将努力精神的承续视为社会工程;另一方面,作为生活方式的努力是文化建构的结果,努力标准由主流文化勘定。要实现教育公平,还需进行社会文化的改造,树立以广泛的思考力、深刻的判断力和持久的生命力为特征的努力意涵,以直面生活意义和生命价值等终极追问。

Existing researches of education equity generally accept social culture＇s commitment to equity, and end up with individual efforts under the consolidated framework of principles of equity, difference and compensation. How- ever, on the one hand, the characteristic of effort of individual is the result of subject-environment interaction; therefore, we should treat spirit of effort as social engineering for the educational equity. On the other hand, effort as a lifestyle is the result of cultural construction, which means whether yon work hard is determined by the mainstream culture. There- fore, we need to construct the social culture for educational equity, and establish a new concept of effort that character- ized by comprehensive thinking, profound judgment, and lasting vitality to face up with the question about the meaning and value of life.