中国式“儿童发现”的完成:李贽“童心说”源流及内涵

The Completion of Chinese“Children Discovery”: Origin and Connotation of Lizhi's“Mind of Children”

"童心主义、儿童本位、自然天性、内在发展、童年哲学"等是一组可以相互印证和支持的概念,它们不仅是现代教育的基本原则,也是建设未来理想社会的重要前提。明末李贽"反对封建僵化的人本主义思想"及其"童心说",不仅象征着中国童心主义哲学发展的高峰,也代表着"中国儿童发现"的完成。在一定意义上,李贽是东方"儿童发现"的完成者,是世界"儿童发现"的第一人,他比西方"儿童的发现者"卢梭要早出生185年。追溯李贽的"童心说"的源流及内涵,对于今天的教育学、政治学、伦理学、美学等具有重大的现实意义和理论价值,特别是它将进一步丰富儿童教育的理论和实践研究。

＂The creed of childlike innocence,child-orientation,human nature,internal development,and philosophy of childhood＂are a group of concepts that can confirm and support each other,and they are not only the basic principles of modern education,but also the important prerequisite for the future ideal society. The＂humanistic ideas against feudal rigidness＂and the ＂Mind of Children＂innocence proposed by Li Zhi of the late Ming Dynasty not only symbolized the developmental peak of China＇s innocence philosophy,but also represented the completion of＂Chinese children discovery＂. In a sense,Li Zhi is the person who accomplished the oriental ＂children discovery＂and also the first person who proposed＂children discovery＂in the world, and he was born 185 years earlier than Rousseau who proposed the ＂children discovery＂in the western world. Talking about the origin and connotation of Li Zhi＇s ＂Mind of Children＂has both great practical significance and theoretical value for today＇s pedagogy,politics,ethics and aesthetics,and Li Zhi＇s theory of preserving childlike innocence will further enrich the theoretical and practical researches on children education especially in the theoretical world of children education.