否定加工的机制到底是什么?——否定加工的心理学理论述评

What is the mechanism of negation processes? Introduction and commentary on psychological theories on negation

在否定加工研究领域,存在着两大重要而又对立的心理学理论——命题理论和具身理论。命题理论主要有图式+标签模型和否定的模型理论,它们认为否定是一个抽象的逻辑符号,其作用就是向核心命题(肯定论断)的对立面转换;具身理论主要有两步模拟假设与否定的知觉模拟理论,它们认为否定是以时间耗费或空间延展为表征的具身过程。在介绍两种理论的主要观点以及局限性的基础上,对比分析了二者的异同及其理论方法上的不足,最后提出了否定加工的抑制-反刍-再抑制理论。

In the research field of negation processing, there are two important and opposite psychological theories： the Propositional Symbol Theory and the Embodied Cognition Theory. The former mainly includes the Schema-Plus-Tag Model and the Model Theory of Negation. It holds that negation is an abstract logic symbol whose function is to transform into the opposite of the core proposition （the assertive proposition）. The latter mainly includes the Two-Step-Simulation Hypothesis and the Perception Simulation Theory of Negation. It holds that negation is an embodying process represented by the related time cost or space projection. On the basis of introductions of the main ideas and their respective limitations of these theories, the differences between these theories were compared and analyzed. At last, the Suppression- Reactivation-Resuppression Theory was proposed, and the future research approaches was discussed.