新生儿气胸的胸部X线检查影像学特征分析

Imaging features of chest X-ray in neonates with pneumothorax

目的：分析新生儿气胸的胸部X线检查影像学特征,探讨X线检查在新生儿气胸诊断中的价值。方法：回顾性分析我院2011年1月～2015年9月间收治的28例气胸患儿的胸部X线检查影像学资料,所有患儿均行仰卧前后位或仰卧水平侧位胸片,对所有患儿的胸部X线表现进行随访复查。结果：本组28例气胸患儿中,单侧气胸20例（71.4%）,双侧气胸8例（28.6%）,气体集中在胸腔前缘12例（42.9%）,气体集中于纵膈旁8例（28.6%）,气体局限于膈上3例（10.1%）,外侧气胸3例（10.1%）,内侧气胸2例（7.1%）。其中18例（64.3%）为病理性气胸,10例（35.7%）为自发性气胸。结论：新生儿气胸的X线表现形态多样,临床诊断过程中要高度注重摄片的质量,分析病变影像的布局、方位和形状,以免造成误诊和漏诊。

Objective：to analyze the imaging features of chest X-ray in neonates with pneumothorax,and to explore the value of X-ray examination in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in neonates.Methods：a retrospective analysis of our hospital in January 2011 to September 2015 were 28 cases of pneumothorax in the chest X-ray imaging data,all patients were performed before and after supine position or supine lateral radiography,on the chest X-ray findings of all patients were follow-up.Results：in this group,28 cases of pneumothorax,unilateral pneumothorax 20 cases（71.4%）,bilateral pneumothorax in 8 cases（28.6%）,the gas concentration in the chest front in 12 cases（42.9%）,the gas concentration by the side of the mediastinum in 8 cases（28.6%） gas limited on the diaphragm in 3 cases（10.1%）,lateral pneumothorax in 3 cases（10.1%）,medial pneumothorax in 2 cases（7.1%）.Among them,18 cases（64.3%） were pathologic pneumothorax,10 cases（35.7%） were spontaneous pneumothorax.Conclusion：the X-ray manifestations of neonatal pneumothorax is various,the quality of the film should be highly paid attention to in the process of clinical diagnosis,analysis of the layout,orientation and shape of the image,so as not to cause misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.