烟草苗床上的甲基溴替代技术研究

Substituted Technology for Methyl Bromide in Tobacco Seedbeds

采用田间试验方法,研究了在烟草苗床上的甲基溴替代技术。结果表明,与甲基溴相比,浮盘育苗法可生产整齐、高质量的烟苗;浮盘育苗法无须抗旱、除草、假植,可直接移栽到大田,节省大量劳力;浮盘法不施用杀虫剂、除草剂,减少了农药的污染和对环境的破坏,有利于提高烟草的品质和对生态环境的保护;浮盘法单位面积能生产更多的烟苗。因此,浮盘育苗法具有显著的经济效益和环境生态效益,在烟草苗床上是一项可持续发展的甲基溴替代技术。

A test was done to evaluate the possibility of substitution of methyl bromide in tobacco field. The experimental results showed that floating seed-tray is one of good alternatives to methyl bromide in tobacco seedbeds. Compared with methyl bromide, it exhibits: (1) can produce uniform tobacco seedlings with high quality. (2) saves a lot of labor needed in irrigation and transplanting. The technique can resist drought in early spring and keep humidity that tobacco seedlings need. The seedlings raised can be transplanted directly and do notneed recovery period while they need to be transplanted twice by routine way. There were neither weeds nor soil insects in the floating seed tray. (3) can produce more plants in unit area than using MB and save a lot of lands. (4) The application of insecticides and herbicides is not necessary and therefore the impactis low to environment. It is concluded that floating seed-tray is a sustainable agricultural technique with economical, ecological and environmental benefits.