高龄妊娠对胎儿疾病的影响

Impact of pregnant women with advanced age on fetal disease

目的探讨高龄妊娠对胎儿疾病的影响。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年12月在广州医科大学附属第三医院妇产科分娩的28 897例单胎孕妇的临床资料。按照年龄分为≥35岁组（3 670例）和18-34岁组（25 227例）。分析两组孕妇胎儿疾病的发生情况,采用卡方检验及U检验对数据进行统计学分析。结果纳入研究的单胎孕妇中年龄≥35岁组占12.70%,18-34岁组占87.30%。≥35岁组胎儿疾病总发生率显著高于18-34岁组（2.62%与2.04%,χ2=5.106,P=0.024）。≥35岁组死胎、胎儿染色体异常和多发畸形发生率分别为1.66%、0.57%和1.36‰,也明显高于18-34岁组的1.41%,0.12%和0.44‰,P均〈0.05。结论高龄孕妇死胎、胎儿染色体异常、多发畸形发生率增高。

Objective To explore the impact of pregnant women with advanced age on fetal disease.Methods A clinical data of 28 897 singleton pregnancies who delivered from January 2009 to December 2014 in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.According to the maternal age,all cases were divided into ≥35 years group（ n = 3 670）,and18-34 years group（ n = 25 227）.The fetal disease rates of two the groups were analyzed by Chi-square test and U test.Results The percentage of singleton pregnancies at the age of 35 years and older was12.70%,and the percentage of patients between 18 and 34 was 87.30%.The rate of total fetal diseases in ≥35 years group was higher than that in 18- 34 years group（ 2.62% and 2.04%,χ2= 5.106,P =0.024）.And the rates of fetal death,fetal chromosome abnormality and fetal multiple malformations in ≥35 years group（ 1.66%,0.57% and 1.36‰,respectively） were higher than those in 18- 34 years group（ 1.41%,0.12% and 0.44‰）,P values less than 0.05.Conclusion The rates of fetal death,fetal chromosome abnormality and fetal multiple malformations increase in pregnancies with advanced age.