基于区间优化微型电动车电传动系统优化分析

Optimization Analysis of the Motor Driving System in Micro-Electric Vehicle Based on Interval Optimization

微型电动车电传动系是机、电、磁、热等多种能量耦合的复杂系统,在电源存储技术未有较大突破前,对整车驱动系统的零部件参数进行优化设计,使其合理匹配,可改善电动车的动力性和经济性。通过建立电传动系统的动力学模型,分析了微型电动车在行驶工况下的能量功率损失、续驶里程数学模型,建立了优化算法的目标函数;根据设计要求,建立了加速度性能、爬坡性能等约束条件,然后引入区间优化算法,得到了较为理想的速比范围。根据机电相似系统的概念,引入电学中最大传输功率原理,利用阻抗匹配的概念来分析电动车的经济性,然后采用区间优化与阻抗匹配相结合的方法确定驱动系统各参数的具体值,使各参数之间达到最优匹配,传递功率最大,能耗损失最小,经济性最好。结果证明采用区间优化算法选择参数与阻抗匹配确定参数的方法具有很强的机动性。

The electric driving system of micro-electric vehicle is a complex system of mechanical, electrical, magnetic, thermal, etc. a variety of energy coupling, in front of the power storage technology no bigger breakthrough, through of optimization design driving system components parameters, the reasonable matching, can improve the dynamic property and economy of electric vehicle. The electric driving system dynamics model was built, under running condition the micro-electric vehicle energy loss of power, continued driving mileage mathematical model was established, and the objective function of the optimization algorithm was built. According to the design requirements, the acceleration performance and climbing performance constraints were established. Then the interval optimization algorithm was introduced, and got the ideal speed ratio range. According to the electromechanical analogy system concept, the electricity in the maximum transmission power principle was introduced, by using the impedance matching concept to analysis the economy of electric vehicle, then the interval optimization and impedance matching combined approach for determining the drive system and the parameters of the specific value, so that among the parameters to achieve the best match, transfer maximum power and energy loss minimum, economy best. The results show that the method of selecting parameters and impedance matching parameters with interval optimization algorithm has strong maneuverability.