骨髓瘤的检查点抑制

Checkpoint inhibition in myeloma

骨髓瘤是一种免疫功能显著紊乱的恶性肿瘤，越来越多的临床前研究已证实多发性骨髓瘤患者的免疫调节机制处于活化状态，并且靶向这些信号轴的临床试验也正在转化中。文章介绍2016年第58届美国血液学会（ASH）年会报道的在骨髓瘤中可能发挥重要作用的若干免疫检查点通路，包括近年来已完成和正在进行的免疫检查点抑制剂相关临床试验；总结阻断骨髓瘤免疫检查点治疗所面临的挑战及未来可能的发展方向。

Myeloma is a malignancy associated with significant immune dysfunction imparted by both the disease itself as well as many of the immunosuppressive therapies that have been used in the past. The growing body of preclinical data regarding immunoregulatory mechanisms that appear active in myeloma has begun to be translated to clinical trials targeting these signalling axes. This review summarized the current understanding of the basic biology of several immune checkpoint pathways that may be important in myeloma and provide an up-to-date overview of recent and ongoing clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors in myeloma. Finally, several current challenges and possible future direction of immune checkpoint blockade in myeloma will be reviewed.