2010和2015年海门市职业健康监护情况对比分析

Comparative analysis on occupational health surveillance in Haimen City between 2010 and 2015

目的了解海门市职业健康监护工作开展情况,为职业病防治监管工作提供方向,为制定职业病防治策略提供依据。方法收集整理海门市2010和2015年职业病危害企业职业健康监护资料,结合海门市安监局所提供的职业危害企业数及接害工人数等资料,进行统计分析。结果 2010和2015年海门市职业健康监护开展率分别为2.92%和13.22%,职业健康监护率分别为17.06%和44.96%,2年度间差异均有统计学意义(x^2=137.49,x^2=5717.02,均P<0.01);2015年小型企业职业健康监护开展率仍明显低于中型企业,小型企业职业健康监护率也仍远远低于中型企业,两者差异均有统计学意义(x^2=97.99,x^2=1732.76,均P<0.01);与5年前相比,海门市化工原料制造业、电气机械业、纺织服装业等行业职业健康监护情况有了明显的提高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论海门市职业健康监护工作5年间进展迅速,卫生部门应提升自身能力,做好技术支撑;监管部门则应加大监管力度,拓宽监管面,充分保障劳动者的健康权益。

[Objective]To understand the status of occupational health surveillance in Haimen City,indicate a direction for supervision of occupational diseases prevention and control,and provide a basis for developing the occupational disease prevention strategies.[Methods]The data of occupational health surveillance in enterprises with occupational hazards in Haimen City in 2010 and 2015 were collected and statistically analyzed,combined with the data of number of enterprises with occupational hazards and exposed workers from the Haimen Administration of Work Safety.[Results]The implementation rate of occupational health surveillance in Haimen City in 2010 and 2015 was 2.92%and 13.22%respectively,while the rate of occupational health surveillance in 2010 and 2015 was 17.06%and 44.96%respectively,and the differences were statistically significant（x^2=137.49,x^2=5717.02,P〈0.01）.The implementation rate of occupational health surveillance and rate of occupational health surveillance in small enterprises were lower than those in medium enterprises,and the differences were statistically significant（x^2=97.99,x^2=1 732.76,P〈0.01）.Compared with five years ago,the occupational health surveillance status in chemical raw materials manufacturing industry,electrical machinery industry and textile and garment industry have been improved,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The occupational health surveillance work have made great strides in five years in Haimen City.Health departments should enhance their ability to ensure technical support,while regulatory authorities should increase supervision,expand the regulatory range,and fully protect the health rights and interests of workers.