贵阳市大气PM_(2.5)质量浓度分布及其与气象因素的相关性分析

Atmospheric PM_(2.5) concentration distribution and its correlation with meteorological factors in Guiyang City

目的探讨贵阳市大气PM_(2.5)质量浓度分布及其与气象因素的关系。方法从贵阳市环保局、气象局收集2015年1月1日—12月31日的大气PM_(2.5)监测资料及气象因素监测资料;采用Pearson相关性分析对大气PM_(2.5)与气象因素间的关系进行分析。结果 2015年贵阳市大气PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度为37.8μg/m^3;贵阳市大气PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度达到《环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(HJ 633-2012)》一级标准天数为182 d,达到《环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(HJ 633-2012)》二级标准天数为160 d;PM_(2.5)与气压呈正相关(r=0.342,P<0.01),PM_(2.5)与相对湿度呈负相关(r=-0.330,P<0.01),PM_(2.5)与温度呈负相关(r=-0.390,P<0.01),PM_(2.5)与降水量呈负相关(r=-0.259,P<0.01),PM_(2.5)与风速呈负相关(r=-0.148,P<0.01);PM_(2.5)与日均日照呈正相关,差异无统计学意义。结论贵阳市2015年PM_(2.5)年均质量浓度为37.8μg/m^3,达到国家环境《环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(HJ 633-2012)》二级标准;贵阳市大气PM_(2.5)质量浓度与气压呈正相关,与相对湿度、温度、降水量、风速呈负相关,与日照不相关。

[Objective]To study the relationship between atmospheric PM2.5 concentration distribution and meteorological factors in Guiyang City. [Methods]The monitoring data of atmospheric PM2.5 and meteorological factors from January 1 to December 31 of 2015 were collected from Guiyang City Environmental Protection Bureau and Guiyang City Meteorological Bureau. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between atmospheric PM2.5 and meteorological factors.[Results] The annual atmospheric PM2.5 concentration was 37.8 μg/m^3 in Guiyang City in 2015. There were respectively 182 days and 160 days which the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration met the one-level and two-level of the Ambient air quality index（AQI） technical regulations（HJ 633-2012）. The atmospheric PM2.5concentration was positively correlated with atmospheric pressure（r=0.342,P〈0.01）,and it was negatively correlated with relative humidity（r=-0.330,P〈0.01）,temperature（r=-0.390,P〈0.01）,precipitation（r=-0.259,P〈0.01）,wind speed（r=-0.148,P〈0.01）. The atmospheric PM2.5concentration was positively correlated with daily sunlight,but the difference was not statistically significant. [Conclusion]The annual atmospheric PM2.5 concentration is 37.8 μg/m^3 in Guiyang City in 2015,which has reached two-level of the Ambient air quality index（AQI）technical regulations（HJ 633-2012）. In Guiyang City,the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration is positively correlated with atmospheric pressure,and it is negatively correlated with relative humidity,temperature,precipitation and wind speed,while there is no correlation between atmospheric PM2.5 concentration and sunlight.