长江上游地区土地沙漠化现状及其驱动力的研究

STATUS AND DRIVING FORCE OF SANDY DESERTIFICATION IN UPPER REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER

利用最新的土地沙漠化普查数据 ,分析了长江上游地区土地沙漠化的现状及主要危害 ,阐述了该区土地沙漠化的主要影响因素及其驱动力 ,并提出了其土地沙漠化防治的具体对策与措施。结果表明 ,长江上游地区共有沙漠化土地 60 .98× 10 4hm2 ,集中分布于长江源区 ;土地沙漠化类型包括流动沙 (丘 )地、半固定沙 (丘 )地、固定沙 (丘 )地和裸露沙砾地四种 ,其中裸露沙砾地是其主体 ;区内重度、中度与轻度沙漠化土地所占比例分别为 11.5 3 %、5 8.94 %和 2 9.5 3 % ,中度居多 ,沙漠化程度总体偏重 ;土地沙漠化主要造成草地退化、导致冻土退化、影响人类社会经济活动 ,并危及全流域及周边地区的生态环境保护与建设 ;该区土地沙漠化的发生与发展是自然因素与过程、人为因素与过程共同作用的结果 ,其中自然因素是其首要影响因素 。

This paper, on the basis of latest survey data of sandy desertification, analyses the area, type, distribution, degree and damages of sandy desertification in the upper reaches of Yangtze river, studies the main influencal factors and the driving force of sandy desertification in this region,and gives the measures to combat sandy desertification.The area of sandy desertification land in the upper reaches of Yangtze river is 60.98×10\+4 hm\+2, which mainly distributes in the source region of Yangtze river.There are 4 types of sandy desertification land in the upper reaches of Yangtze river, with the major type being the sandy gravel land; in the upper reaches of Yangtze river, higher and middle degree as well as lower degree sandy desertification land account for \{11.53%\} and 58.94% as well as 29.53% of all the sandy desertification.Middle degree sandy desertification land is the major part.But the degree of sandy desertification in the north western of Sichuan is very low.The development of sandy desertification has damaged seriously the ecological environment and social economic development inthis region.It can be considered that the origination and development of sandy desertification in the upper reaches of Yangtze river has been resulted from comprehersive of natural and human effects, natural and human processes, of which natural factors play a leading role in the process of sandy desertification.The climatic change is its main driving force.