授权教育对尿毒症血液透析患者疾病认知水平及自护能力的影响

The influence of authorized education on cognition level for disease and self-caring ability of patients with uremia hemodialysis

目的 探讨授权教育对尿毒症血液透析患者疾病认知水平及自护能力的影响.方法 2014年1月至2015年12月选取本院收治的120例行血液透析的尿毒症患者为研究对象,根据抽签法分为观察组60例及对照组60例,对照组血液透析期间给予常规性护理,观察组血液透析期间采用授权教育,观察两组患者干预前后疾病知识水平、自护能力的变化.结果 观察组干预后在血液透析基础知识、饮食治疗、运动锻炼、药物使用、情绪管理、并发症管理等方面评分均高于对照组（P〈0.05）.观察组干预后情绪处理、问题解决、执行自我照顾能力、社会功能及总评分均高于对照组（P〈0.05）.观察组干预6个月后生理功能、生理职能、情感职能、社会功能、身体疼痛、活动、精神健康及总体健康评分显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）.结论 对尿毒症血液透析患者应用授权教育能有效提高患者疾病认知水平及自护能力,可改善患者生活质量.

Objective To explore the effect of authorized education on the cognition level for disease and self-caring ability of patients with uremia hemodialysis. Methods A total of 120 cases of patients with uremia hemodialysis in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided in-to observation group and control group by the method of sortition by random, 60 cases in each group. The control group was given the conventional nursing during hemodialysis, while the observation group adopted authorized education dur-ing hemodialysis. The cognition level for disease, the changes of self-caring ability of the patients of the two groups be-fore and after intervention were compared. Results The score of basic knowledge of hemodialysis, dieteric treatment, exercise training, drug use, emotion management, complication management of the observation group after intervention was higher than that of the control group （ P〈0. 05 ） . The emotion-handling, problem-solving, self-care ability per-forming, social function and the total score of the observation group after intervention was higher than that of the control group （ P〈0. 05 ） . The score of physiological function, physiological role, emotional role, social function, body pain, activities, mental health and overall health of the observation group after 6 months＇ intervention was significantly higher than that of the control group （ P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion To implement authorized education to patients with ure-mia hemodialysis can effectively improve the patients＇ cognition level for disease and self-caring ability, and can improve the patients＇ quality of life.