深圳坪山新区未婚外来女工生殖道感染状况

Reproductive tract infection status among unmarried female migrant workers in Pingshan New District in Shenzhen

目的通过了解深圳坪山新区未婚女工的生殖健康状况,为探讨未婚流动人口女性生殖道健康保健方向提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,在坪山新区抽取8家工厂的727名符合纳入标准的女工为研究对象,以问卷调查的形式调查其一般社会人口学特征、工作情况、性相关行为、生殖道感染状况等。采用SPSS 17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果深圳坪山新区未婚女工的自我报告生殖道感染患病率为37.4%;其中"白带异常(24.6%)""外阴瘙痒(20.6%)"两症状最为常见,有过1种或2种症状者分别占所有报告生殖道感染症状的52.6%、32.7%。月收入较高者患病率(40.9%)比月收入低者(32.0%)高,χ~2=5.743,P=0.017;有性行为者患病率(57.7%)比无性行为者(30.0%)高,χ~2=46.651,P<0.001;报告有多性伴者患病率(87.2%)比单一性伴者(48.3%)高,χ~2=22.124,P<0.001;有人流史者患病率(70.0%)比无人流史者(53.5%)高,χ~2=4.155,P=0.042。生殖卫生服务供需方面,79.4%的女工希望获得生殖健康相关服务,12.9%报告曾获得过服务。结论深圳坪山新区未婚外来女工生殖健康状况不容乐观,需重视未婚流动人口群体的生殖健康需求,扩大服务人群范围,加大服务力度。

Objective To investigate the reproductive health status of unmarried female workers in Pingshan New District in Shenzhen and to provide evidence for orientation of reproductive tract health care for unmarried women from floating population. Methods Altogether 727 female migrant workers from 8 plants were recruited as study objects by cluster random sampling according to including standard. Their social demographic characteristics,working conditions,sex related behaviors and reproductive tract infection status were investigated through questionnaires. SPSS17. 0 was performed to analyze data. Results A total of 37. 4% of unmarried female migrant workers from Pingshan New District in Shenzhen was self-reported to suffer from reproductive tract infection（ RTI）,in which abnormal leucorrhoea（ 24. 6%） and pruritus vulvae（ 20. 6%） were the most frequent symptoms. Among women reported having RTIs,52. 6% and 32. 7%reported having one or two symptoms,respectively. Women with higher incomes showed a higher prevalence（ 40. 9%） than that of lower ones（ 32. 0%）（ χ^2= 5. 743,P = 0. 017）. Those women ever having sexual behaviors had higher prevalence（ 57. 7%） than that of those without sexual behaviors（ 30. 0%）（ χ^2= 46. 651,P〈0. 001）. And those women reporting multiple sexual partner behavior had higher prevalence（ 87. 2%） than that of those with one sexual partner behavior（ 48. 3%）（ χ^2= 22. 124,P〈0. 001）. Those women ever having induced abortion experience showed a higher prevalence（ 70. 0%） than that of those without induced abortion（ 53. 5%）（ χ^2= 4. 155,P =0. 042）. A total of 79. 4% of female workers expected to obtain reproductive health service,while only 12. 9% had obtained. Conclusion Reproductive health status in unmarried female migrant workers in Pingshan New District in Shenzhen City is not optimistic. More attentions should be paid on reproductive health care demands of unmarried floating population. Service range should be broadened,and service work intensity be strengthened.