(E)-β-法尼烯和(-)-β-石竹烯在桃蚜-七星瓢虫化学通讯中的相互作用

Interactive effect of (E)-β-farnesene and (-)-β-caryophyllene on chemical communication between Myzus persicae and Coccinella septempunctata

为了探明(E)-β-法尼烯和(-)-β-石竹烯在瓢虫和蚜虫化学通讯中的意义,在Y形嗅觉仪中测试了桃蚜和七星瓢虫对(E)-β-法尼烯和(-)-β-石竹烯单剂及一系列混剂的行为反应。结果表明,(E)-β-法尼烯和(-)-β-石竹烯单剂对七星瓢虫成虫均有引诱作用,剂量阈值均为20μg。二者混合测试时,5μg(-)-β-石竹烯能抑制20μg(E)-β-法尼烯对七星瓢虫的引诱作用,但随着(-)-β-石竹烯添加量继续增加,混合物会重新变为引诱作用。与此相似的是,5μg或10μg剂量的(E)-β-法尼烯能显著抑制20μg(-)-β-石竹烯对七星瓢虫的引诱作用,但更高(E)-β-法尼烯剂量加入时,混合物也会重新恢复引诱功能。2种烯烃均对桃蚜有驱避作用,(E)-β-法尼烯的最低有效驱避剂量为0.4μg,(-)-β-石竹烯仅在最大剂量(20μg)测试时才有极显著驱避作用。20μg和40μg的(-)-β-石竹烯添加量可以抑制0.4μg(E)-β-法尼烯对桃蚜的驱避作用,更高添加量会使混合物重新恢复驱避活性。当(-)-β-石竹烯剂量固定为20μg时,(E)-β-法尼烯以供试任何剂量混入均会产生行为学中性混合物。两种烯烃均能引诱七星瓢虫,驱避桃蚜,但以特定比例混合对两种昆虫均会变成行为学中性混合物。

To elucidate the significance of（ E）-β-farnesene and（-）-β-caryophyllene in the chemical communications of ladybeetle and aphid,the author tested the behavioural responses of Myzus persicae and Coccinella septempunctata adults to different doses of（ E）-β-farnesene and（-）-β-caryophyllene used alone,as well as different combinations of their binary blends,in a Y-typed olfactometer. The result of C. septempunctata bioassay shows that both sesquiterpenes exhibited attractive effect when tested alone,with a threshold dose of 20 μg. When they were tested in combination,5 μg（-）-β-caryophyllene could significantly inhibit the attractiveness of 20 μg（ E）-β-farnesene to C. septempunctata,however,the attractiveness could recover when higher dose of（-）-β-caryophyllene was added. Similarly,5 μg or 10 μg（ E）-β-farnesene could significantly inhibit the attractiveness of 20 μg（-）-β-caryophyllene,the attractiveness could resume when higher dose of（ E）-β-farnesene was added. Bothsesquiterpenes could repel M. persicae at specific doses,and the threshold doses of（ E）-β-farnesene and（-）-β-caryophyllene were 0. 4 μg and 20 μg,respectively. The addition of 20 μg or 40 μg（-）-β-caryophyllene could significantly inhibit the repellence of 0. 4 μg（ E）-β-farnesene to M. persicae,but addition of higher doses could resume the repellence. Twenty μg（-）-β-caryophyllene could antagonize any tested doses of（ E）-β-farnesene in the binary blends. Taken together,the two sesquiterpenes could attract C. septempunctata and repel M. persicae,but their binary blends mixed in specific ratios exhibited strong antagonistic effect.