振动拉削系统振幅衰减特性分析与实验研究

Analysis and Experimental Study of Amplitude Attenuation Characteristics of Vibration Broaching Systems

为了探究振动拉削中导致激振幅值衰减的主要因素,以双伺服阀电液激振拉削设备为研究对象,综合考虑双阀电液激振系统动力学特性,以及拉刀多齿接触效应、工件尺寸参数等影响下的动态拉削力特征,建立了振动拉削过程中的激振系统模型;再分别通过理论计算及系统实验,对比研究了电液激振器在非线性负载扰动下实际输出力和输出位移的衰减波形,为振动拉削激振系统参数优化提供理论指导和实验依据。实验结果分析表明:振动频率是导致系统振幅衰减的主要因素,而动态拉削力通过影响激振缸活塞的运动特征使得输出波形的峰值衰减,甚至使位移振幅趋向于0。

In order to investigate the major factors of amplitude attenuation during vibration broac-hing processes, a novel dynamic model of excitation system was established by considering the dynam- ic characteristics of dual-valve system, the broaching forces affected by the multi cutter tooth and workpiece size parameters. Then, the output waveforms of electro-hydraulic exciter with nonlinear disturbance were studied by the results of numerical simulations and system experiments, which may provide some theoretical references and laboratory evidence for optimizing parameters of the exciter system. The results show that the vibration amplitudes of exciter are mainly limited by the excited frequency. The peak values of waveform are reduced by dynamic broaching forces, which mainly af- fects the movement characteristics of cylinder piston. Because of that, the displacement amplitudes may tend to zero.