硝铵磷水溶液热安全性影响因素研究

Study on thermal safety of ammonium nitrate phosphate solution

为研究硝铵磷水溶液的热安全性,采用小容量绝热加热试验法研究了溶液浓度、杂质(氯离子、酸)对硝铵磷水溶液临界爆炸温度的影响。结果表明:硝铵磷水溶液质量分数分别为60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%时,其临界爆炸温度随着溶液质量分数的增大先降低后升高。在质量分数为80%的硝铵磷水溶液中单独加入氯离子,其临界爆炸温度随着氯离子浓度的增大而升高,但与未加入氯离子的硝铵磷水溶液相比其临界爆炸温度低了很多;单独加入硫酸,硝铵磷水溶液临界爆炸温度升高,随着酸度增大(p H减小)表现出酸促进硝酸铵分解的特性;同时加入氯离子和硫酸,在其共同作用下系统的稳定性大大降低。

In order to study the thermal safety of the aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate phosphate,the influences of concentrations and the impurities（chloride-ion and acid） on the critical explosion temperature of ammonium nitrate phosphate solution by small-capacity test method to heat the solution adiabatically.Results showed that when the mass fractions of the ammonium nitrate phosphate solution were respectively 60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,and 90%,the critical explosion temperature decreased firstly and increased subsequently with the increase of solution′s mass fraction.As for the ammonium nitrate phosphate solution who′ s mass fraction was 80%,the critical explosion temperature was reduced a lot when the solution was mixed with chloride ions than it was not,and with the increase of chloride ions′ concentration,the critical explosion temperature went up;When the solution was only added with sulfuric acid,the critical explosion temperature went up,and with the increase of the acidity（p H decreased）,it reflected that the acid promoted the decomposition of ammonium nitrate;When there were chloride ions and acid at the same time,it will greatly reduce the stability of the system.