生物有机肥与烟草专用复合肥配施对植烟土壤理化性质、微生物数量及酶活性的影响

Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer and Special Fertilizer for Tobacco on Physicochemical Properties,Microbial Quantity and Enzyme Activity of Tobacco Field Soil

为探明生物有机肥与烟草专用复合肥对植烟土壤理化性质、微生物数量及酶活性的影响,通过大田试验研究了生物有机肥与烟草专用复合肥不同配施比例对植烟土壤理化性质(土壤容重、土壤孔隙度)、养分含量、土壤微生物(真菌、细菌、放线菌)数量以及土壤酶活性(土壤脲酶、土壤磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和土壤蔗糖酶)的影响,筛选出最优土壤条件下的肥料配施比例。结果表明:施加生物有机肥可使土壤容重降低、孔隙度增大,有机质、碱解氮、有效钾、全氮、全磷含量增加,微生物数量提高,土壤酶活性提高。在正常生长条件下以75%烟草专用复合肥+25%的生物有机肥为最佳施肥比例。在烤烟实际生产中建议在养分供应不足、质量较差的土壤地块或烟区配施生物有机肥。

In order to explore bio - organic fertilizer and compound special fertilizer for tobacco on physical and chemical properties, soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity of tobacco planting soil, effects of bio - organic fertilizer and special fertilizer with different application ratio on physicochemieal properties （soil bulk density, soil porosity） , nutrient content, soil microorganisms （fungi, bacte- ria and aetinomycetes actiuomycetes） quantity and activity of soil enzyme （urease, phosphatase, catalase and sucrase） and screened of tobacco planting soil was studied. The results showed that the application of bio - organic fertilizer could reduce soil bulk density, po- rosity, organic matter, organic matter, alkali solution nitrogen, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus content increased, microbial quantity increased, soil enzyme activity increased. Under normal growth conditions with 75% special fertilizer for tobacco 25% bio - organic fertilizer treatment was the best fertilization ratio. In the practical production of flue - cured tobacco, it was pro- posed in insufficient, poor quality soil.