维吾尔族与汉族患者上颌窦形态差异及其对种植手术的影响

The Morphological Differences of Maxillary Sinus between Uyghur and Han Nationality and impact of Implant Operation

目的探讨新疆地区维吾尔、汉族患者上颌窦形态与上颌窦外侧壁骨内血管发生率的异同,为上颌窦提升术提供临床指导。方法选取2014-2015年在新疆医科大学第一附属医院拍摄CBCT的维吾尔、汉族患者各200例,观测上颌窦窦底形态、上颌窦外侧壁厚度和上颌窦外侧壁骨内血管发生率,分析2个民族患者的差异性。结果汉族患者左、右侧共400个上颌窦,窦底形态分别为凹面型(200个)、凸面型(81个)、平坦型(64个)、不规则型(55个)。维吾尔族患者400个上颌窦中凹面型213个(53%)、凸面型64个(16%)、平坦型84个(21%)、不规则型39个(10%)。2个民族患者上颌窦底形态中凹面型均占多数,差异无统计学意义。维吾尔族患者左侧上颌窦外侧壁的厚度为2.18(1.79~2.60)mm,右侧为2.25(1.80~2.77)mm;汉族患者左侧上颌窦外侧壁厚度为2.19(1.64~2.89)mm,右侧为2.24(1.64~2.87)mm,2个民族患者左、右侧上颌窦外侧壁厚度的差异均无统计学意义。上颌窦外侧壁骨内血管发生率,汉族患者右侧为44%,左侧为49%,维吾尔族患者右侧为33.5%,左侧为35%,2个民族患者上颌窦外侧壁血管的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论汉族患者上颌窦外侧壁的骨内血管发生率高于维吾尔族,术前应利用CBCT仔细观察外侧壁情况,根据其解剖结构制定相应手术入路。

Objective The Differences of Maxillary Sinus Morphology and lateral wall bone vessels of maxillary sinus were explored between Uyghur and Han Nationality to provide clinical guidance for Maxillary Sinus Floor Lifting.Methods Two hundred Uyghur and Han nationality patients who had tested through CBCT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between 2014 and 2015were selected to analyze ethnic differences by observing maxillary sinus morphology,maxillary sinus lateral wall thickness and the lateral wall bone vessels of maxillary sinus.Results Of the 400 cases of Han,sinus floor shapes in the maxillary sinus were concave type（200cases）,convex type（81cases）,flat type（64cases）and atypical type（55cases）.There were 213 cases with concave type（53%）,64 cases with convex type（16%）,84 cases with flat type（21%）and 39 atypical cases（10%）of Uyghur 400cases（P〉0.05）.The concave types were the majority between Uyghur and Han Nationality,so there was no statistic difference.According to this study,the thickness of lateral wall of left and right maxillary sinus of Uyghur was 2.18（1.79-2.60）mm and 2.25（1.80-2.77）,respectively,while that of Han respectively was 2.19（1.64-2.89）mm and 2.24（1.64-2.87）mm（P〈0.05）.Therefore,there was no significant difference in the thickness of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus between the two ethnic groups.The lateral wall bone vessels in the maxillary sinus of Han was 44%in the right and 49%in the left,while that of Uyghur was 33.5%（right）and 35%（left）,respectively.According to statistical analysis（P〈0.05）,so there was significant difference in the lateral wall bone vessels of maxillary sinus between Uyghur and Han nationality.Conclusion The lateral wall bone vessels of the maxillary sinus of Han is higher than that of Uyghur,so there is a need to carefully observe the condition of lateral wall by CBCT before surgery and develop appropriate surgical approach according to its anatomic structure.