利用水生植物改善北京动物园水环境的研究初探

Preliminary Study on Improvement of Beijing Zoo Water Environment by Using Aquatic Macrophytes

近年来,北京动物园的水体出现严重的富营养化问题,为了净化水环境,本课题采用了水生植物净化水体的生态工程方法进行了研究。研究结果表明,利用水生植物不仅能净化北京动物园水体,而且还有利于营造水上园林景观和为水禽创造适宜的生存环境。从单一水生植物的净化作用上看,水葫芦的净化效果最好,次之为睡莲和野生荷花,人工种植的荷花相对较差;多种水生植物的组合更有利于植物在净化作用上的优势互补,从而能始终保持较好的净化效果。此外,试验还发现香蒲的适生水深为0.3～0.4m。

The study results showed that planting aquatic macrophytes could purify Beijing Zoo eutrophy for water flows. Eichhornia Crassipes was the best performance in purifying eutrophic waterbody, Nymphaea Linn sp. and wild Nelumbo nucifera ranked last, and combination of several aquatic macrophytes could keep good purification effect for a long period. Besides, it was also found that proper water depth for growth of Typha Orientalis Presl was 0.3-0.4m.