高速气流法低温固相合成聚苯胺类聚合物研究

Innovated synthesis of polyaniline polymers through high-speed air flow circulation in the condition of the solid phase at low-temperatures

聚苯胺和聚2,5-二甲氧基苯胺具有很好的电化学性能、光学性能等,广泛应用于电致变色显示器、化学传感器、抗静电涂层及太阳能电池等领域。不同于传统的机械化学合成法,首次应用高速气流法低温固相合成了聚苯胺和聚2,5-二甲氧基苯胺,同时用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)对两种聚合物进行了表征;此外,测试了两种聚合物的循环伏安特性,结果表明,两者均具有较好的电化学性能。相比于传统的机械化学合成法,高速气流法低温固相合成能够高效快速、连续循环制备聚苯胺类化合物,而且此方法具有操作简便、高效率、低能耗、安全性好和绿色环保等优点,可应用于诸多领域。

The paper is aimed at using the high-speed air flow method to prepare for continuously polyaniline and poly 2,5-dimethoxyaniline in the condition of low temperature and solid phase.The proposed method for synthesis is different by nature from the traditional mechano-chemical synthesis approaches with a series of particularly unique advantages.As is known,polyaniline and poly（2,5-dimethoxyaniline） have generally been prepared in the following procedures：first of all,it is necessary to mix evenly and uniformly the ammonium persulphate and anilinium chloride,and the 2,5-dimethoxyaniline in a molar ratio of 1 to 1,with the mixture reactants added to the impacting chamber in a rate of 1.0kg/min.And,later,the reactants can be accelerated to the supersonic speed by the high-pressure compressed air（1.5 MPa）,and later convert the reactants laden with high kinetic energy into the activation energy for the reaction needs when the high speed reactant particles begin to be impacted mutually,whose as-prepared products can be collected through a circulation collecting system in a process of 7 min.And,next,the products collected were supposed to be washed several times so as to wash away the residual substances with ultrapure water with ethanol to be let dried up in a vacuum device at 45 ℃.Everything being done,the as-prepared two polyaniline polymers can be characterized with the high-speed air flow method through X-ray diffraction（XRD） by using the Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） spectrometry,the thermograms（TG）,the ultraviolet-visible（UV-Vis） spectroscope.Furthermore,the diffraction peaks and the absorption peaks of the product from XRD and FT-IR may turn out to be characteristic with the product,so as for it to be consistent with the results as given in the earlier reports.Thus,the results have shown that what we have prepared with the high-speed air flow method has been verified to be successful.What is more,we have carried out the cyclic voltammetry of the two products to test and examine the electrochemical properties of the aforementioned products.The products we have obtained prove that the two can be successfully used as the activators to prepare for the working electrodes by the slurry coating procedure,with the Li foil and polypropylene film being the reference electrode and separator,respectively.In addition,the 1 mol/L LiPF_6 solution can be applied as an electrolyte in a 1 ？ 1（V：V） mixture of ethylene carbonate（EC） and dimethyl carbonate（DMC）.Last of all,the cyclic voltammetry measurements have been done between 0 and 3V at a scanning rate of 0.1 mV/s and recorded on an electrochemical workstation（CHI660E）.Compared with the traditional mechano-chemical synthetic methods,the high-speed air flow method we have developed and proposed tends to behave much faster,more efficient and sustainable to the synthesis of polyaniline and poly（2,5-dimethoxyaniline）.Therefore,the renovated method is expected to find its way in broad and efficient application in the chemical industrial fields in the future due to its unique merits for simple operation and high efficiency,in addition to its lower energy consumption,and environment-friendly safety.