城市间运输货车行驶工况构建与应用

On the construction and application of the driving cycle of the neighboring city trucks

为研究城市间运输货车行驶工况特性与典型工况构建方法。运用车载数据采集系统采集了在珠三角区域城市间运输的货运车辆行驶车速等瞬态数据。基于13个工况特征参数解析工况特性,运用运动学片段理论将工况速度数据分成284个工况片,基于主成分分析和聚类分析法将工况片分成5类,选出12片代表工况片,按工况片平均速度从小到大的顺序排列,再将工况时长等比例压缩至1 800 s后最终构建出典型行驶工况。构建工况与实测样本的各项特征参数符合度大于80%,结果表明提出的典型工况构建方法可行,构建工况符合城市间货运车辆实际运行特性。构建工况的最大车速为80 km/h,主要分布在60~80 km/h,C-WTVC工况在0~90 km/h较均匀分布,平均车速为41.0 km/h,较构建工况低15.8%。基于构建工况进行重型货车排放性能仿真测算,得出CO_(2e)排放因子为764.81 g/km,较C-WTVC工况测算值低10.97%,表明运行工况不同导致碳排放测算值有较大差异。

The paper is devoted to a research into the driving cycle of the trucks of the neighboring cities and the driving mode characteristic features in order to build a construction method of such driving cycles.For this purpose,we have collected data on the vehicle,transient data of the trucks on the speed and other parameters from the neighboring urban communities＇ freight trucks communications in the Pearl River Delta area,Guangdong.Based on the 13 characteristic parameters of driving modes,we have analyzed the driving conditions and divided the truck-driving speed data of the mode into 284 micro-sections in accordance with the theory of kinematics principle.Classifying the 284 micro-sections into 5 specific categories componentially and comprehensively,we have chosen 12 representative micro- sections and ranked them in accordance with their average speed from the short ones to longer ones.And,then,we have worked out a speed profile of driving cycles.And,consequently,we have finally constructed the time length of the speed profile of the driving cycle compressed into1800 s proportionately,a typical driving cycle of the intercity freight trucks.The coincidence rate of each characteristic parameter of the driving mode between the constructed driving cycle and the real-time data obtained turns to be over 80%,which indicates that the methods developed in this paper for the typical driving cycle construction are feasible whereas the constructed driving cycle is in a position to reflect the realistic driving mode characteristic features of the neighboring cities freight trucks.The speed of the constructed driving cycle is up to 80km/h and mainly distributes in a range of 60 to 80km/h,whereas the speed of C- WTVC cycle distributes in a range of 0- 90km/h almost uniformly or evenly.The average speed of C- WTVC cycle has been worked out at about 41.0 km/h,15.8%,which is lower than that of the constructed driving cycle.In addition,we have also worked out the CO2e emission factor of neighboring cities duty trucks via a simulation test,whose result done in accordance with the constructed driving cycle turns out to be 764.81 g/km,10.97%less than that on C- WTVC cycle.Thus,the constructed driving cycle we have developed indicates that the different driving cycles may account for the different measuring results of the carbon emission factors.