中学生抗挫折心理素质现状的调查研究

Anti-frustration mental-health quality among secondary school students

目的对中学生抗挫折心理素质现状进行调查,欲为提高中学生心理健康水平提供参考。方法采用《青少年心理健康素质调查表》(AMQS)对564名中学生进行问卷调查。结果被试AMQS及其各维度得分均高于中值,而全体被试在AMQS动力系统、应对方式、认知风格维度上的得分较其他维度低。对不同学校、年级及性别被试的AMQS及其各维度得分进行方差分析,结果显示在抗挫折心理素质水平上性别和年级主效应显著(P<0.05)。不同年级被试的AMQS及其各维度得分差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。初一年级被试的AMQS总分在所有年级被试中最高,为(2.96±0.34)分。男性被试AMQS总分为2.74±0.33,低于女性被试的2.95±0.39,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非重点中学被试AMQS总分为2.81±0.32,低于重点中学被试的2.95±0.37,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学校在对中学生进行心理健康教育时,要特别注意加强针对高年级学生、男生及非重点中学学生的抗挫折心理素质的培养,以进一步夯实中学心理健康教育工作,提高中学生的心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate anti-frustration psychological quality and provide reference for improving the psychological quality of middle school students. Methods Adolescent Mental-health Quality Scale（AMQS） was used to survey 564 students from middle schools. Results The scores of AMQS and other dimensions were significantly higher than median, while all the subjects scored lower on motivation system, coping style and cognitive style. According to subjects＇ school, grade and gender, variance analysis was used to analyze the scores of AMQS and its all dimensions. The results showed that there were significant main effect on gender and grade（P〈0.05）. The AMQS and other dimensions＇ scores of all the subjects from different grades showed significant difference（P〈0.05）. Students from grade one scored （2.96±0.34） which were the highest. The total score of AMQS male students got was 2.74 ± 0.33, which was lower than 2.95 ± 0.39 that the female students scored, and the difference was significant （P〈0.05）. The total score of AMQS of ordinary secondary schools was 2.81 ± 0.32, which was lower than Z.95 ± 0.37 that the key secondary schools scored, and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion When having mental health education, schools should pay attention to develop anti-frustration mental-health quality of students of higher grades, male students and students in ordinary schools to further enrich mental health education and improve the mental health quality of students.