同伴教育应用于大学生艾滋病/安全性行为健康教育的效果评价

Outcome evaluation of peer education used in health education on AIDS/safe sex among college students

目的评价同伴教育应用于大学生艾滋病/安全性行为健康教育的效果,为同伴教育应用于大学生性与生殖健康教育的可行性和有效性提供科学依据。方法选取参加"青春健康同伴教育"选修课的120名大学生作为同伴教育组,按照个体匹配,选取其他选修课的学生120名作为对照组。对同伴教育组大学生进行为期4个月的艾滋病/安全性行为健康教育,教育实施前后分别对2组大学生进行内容一致的问卷调查。结果教育前,2组大学生的艾滋病一般知识知晓率均较低,且2组大学生每项题目的知晓率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);教育后,同伴教育组学生的一般知识知晓率均有所提高,且多数题目的知晓率与教育前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。教育前,同伴教育组和对照组大学生对"艾滋病主要传播途径为性传播、血液传播、母婴传播""输入带有艾滋病病毒的血液会感染艾滋病"等5项题目的知晓率均高于90.0%,且教育前后2组学生不同组之间及本组之间知晓率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。教育前,2组学生对艾滋病病毒感染者及患者的相关态度及性行为情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。教育后,愿意与艾滋病病毒感染者及患者身份的同学或朋友继续交往的学生人数比例在同伴教育组达76.7%,高于本组教育前及对照组教育后该人数比例,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。教育后同伴教育组中支持多个性伴侣及一夜情的学生人数比例均较教育前有所下降,而发生性行为时使用安全套的学生人数比例有所上升,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在大学生艾滋病/安全性行为健康教育方面,同伴教育是一种切实有效值得推广的健康教育模式。

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of peer education used in health education on AIDS/safe sex among college students, so as to provide scientific evidence on the feasibility and effectiveness of peer education when used in sex and reproductive health education for college students. Methods A total of 120 college students who attended the optional course of ＂Peer Education on Puberty Health＂ the study group） were matched with another 120 students who did not attend the course （the control group）. Students in the study group received 4 months of health education on AIDS/safe sex. For all students, a questionnaire survey was conducted both before and after education. Results Before education, the awareness rate of AIDS-related general knowledge was low in both groups, and no significant difference was observed for each item between the two groups （P〈0.05）. After education, the awareness rate of AIDS-related general knowledge was significantly increased in the study group compared with that before education （P〈0.05）. Before education, more than 90% of students in both groups were aware that ＂the main routes of transmission of AIDS include sexual contact, blood transmission, and mother to child transmission＂, ＂one may get infected after receipt of HIV- contaminated blood＂ and three other items; and no significant intra-or inter-group differences were noted after education （P〉0.05）. Before education, students from both groups had similar attitudes towards HIV carriers and AIDS patients as well as similar sexual behaviors （P〉0.05）. After education, up to 76.7% of students in the study group were willing to contact with HIV carriers and AIDS patients, which was significantly higher when compared with that before education in the same group or that after education in the control group （P〈 0.05）. After education, significantly fewer students in the study group supported multiple sexual partners and one night stand, while significantly more students supported the use of condoms during sex （P〈0.05）. Conelusion When delivering health education on AIDS/safe sex among college students, peer education can be considered as a feasible and effective mode.