基于结构方程模型的高血压患者相关知识、态度与行为关系的实证研究

Empirical research of the relationship between related knowledge,attitude and behavior of hypertension patients based on the structural equation model

目的:定量研究高血压患者相关知识、态度和行为之间的相互关系,为科学开展高血压防控相关工作提供参考依据。方法:选取10个省35个职业场所在职职工中的高血压患者5 861人作为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集数据,利用LISREL 8.7构建结构方程模型,以知识、态度和行为作为潜变量,各潜变量对应的观测变量作为显变量。结构方程模型的参数估计是基于多项相关系数,并配合渐进协方差矩阵,以一般加权最小二乘法拟合模型。结果:知识对态度有直接影响,影响路径系数为0.84;态度对行为有直接影响,影响路径系数为0.38;知识对行为存在间接影响;结构方程模型拟合情况良好。结论:高血压患者对相关知识的认知对于高血压患者的相关态度具有显著的影响,但知识和态度对高血压患者行为的影响力较弱,存在其他因素对患者的行为产生影响。因此对高血压患者的健康教育应全面考虑影响其行为的因素,并采取更有针对性的干预措施。

Objective： To analyze the relationship among hypertension-relevant knowledge, attitude and behavior and to provide evidence for prevention of hypertension.Methods： A total of 5 861 employees with hypertension from 10 provinces were selected, and their data were collected by uniform questionnaires. The structural equation model was established by using LISREL version 8.7. Knowledge, attitude and behavior was set as latent variables, and the observed variables corresponding to latent variables served as explicit variables. The parametric estimation of the structural equation model is based on polyserial correlation coefficients and asymptotical covariance matrix. Results： Knowledge directly affected attitude, and the impact coefficient was 0.84; attitude directly affect behavior, and the impact coefficient was 0.38; knowledge showed indirect effect on behavior; the structural equation model fitted the data well. Conclusion： Hypertension-related knowledge significantly affect attitude, while knowledge and attitude showed slight effect on behavior. There were other factors that affected the patient＇s behavior. It was suggested that we should fully consider the factors for behavior in health education, and adopt more appropriate measures in hypertension control.