从治标到治本:新中国成立初期的黄河治理

From a Temporary to a Permanent Cure: The Yellow River Governance in the Early Days of New China

黄河治理是新中国成立初期事关安民兴邦的大事。从1950年春开始,黄河水利委员会和人民政府在"兴利除害,分步治理"的治黄思想指导下,先后组织开展了两个时期黄河治理工作,有目的、有步骤地对黄河流域进行综合治理。治黄工作经历从以黄河下游为中心的治标,到以黄河中游为中心的治本的过程,不仅加固了堤防工程,有效遏制了黄河水患,兴办了引黄灌溉工程,为灌溉华北平原开辟了道路;而且制定了全流域、多目标的流域规划,开展了水土保持的试验推广工作。新中国初期的黄河治理取得了巨大成就,也留下了值得汲取的教训。

The governance of the Yellow River is a major event in the early days of the founding of the People~ Republic of China. From the spring of 1950, the Yellow River Conservancy Commission and the people~ government in the ＂ Promote the beneficial and abolish＇？, the＇？. harmful, step by step governance＂ management idea, have organized two periods of the Yellow River governance work, purposeful and systemati- cal, on the Yellow River Basin Comprehensive treatment. The Yellow River governance experienced from a downstream of the Yellow River as the center of the temporary, to the middle reaches of the Yellow River as the center of the cure. The Yellow River governance not only reinforced embankment, effectively curb the flood of the Yellow River, set up the irrigation project, paved the way for irrigation in North China Plain;but also made a basin -wide, multi -objective watershed planning, carried out the test of soil and water conservation promotion work. In the early days of new China,the Yellow River government has made great achievements, and it has left a valuable lesson.