核电厂DCS软件验证与确认标准体系分析

Analysis of the Standard System for Software Verification and Validation of Digital Control System in Nuclear Power Plant

通过对软件V&V活动的介绍以及核电厂软件生命周期的划分,明确了核电厂数字化仪控系统软件V&V的目的,即通过验证活动判断系统是否满足设计需求,通过确认活动判断系统设计是否正确。结合核电厂安全级数字化仪控系统软件V&V活动的监督管理实践,总结了美国、欧洲和我国数字化仪控系统软件V&V活动所采用的法规和标准体系。针对我国软件V&V法规和标准体系不健全的问题,通过对比我国与欧洲、美国法规标准体系的差别,明确了我国软件V&V法规和标准体系存在标准体系升版相对滞后、标准路线不统一及欠缺标准转化的系统性等三方面的不足。从长远目标看,我国应完善V&V法规标准体系,使之有层次地逐步细化从法规要求到执行标准要求;从短期要求看,可从软件开发的阶段划分、各项开发计划的形成和实施、V&V活动的独立性和文件记录等方面落实V&V活动要求。

Through introducing the activities of software V＆V and dividing the life cycle of software for nuclear power plant, the object of digital control system software V＆V for the nuclear power plant is clearly defined ; that is the verification activities are to judge whether the system meets the design requirements ur nut; and the validation activities are to judge whether the system design is correct or not. Combining with the supervision and management practice of the software V＆V activities of the safety grade digital instrument control systems in NPP, the regulations and the standard system used for digital control system V＆V activities in USA, Europe and China are summarized. Aiming at the problem of inadequate regulations and standard system in our country, the differences from such topics in USA and Europe are compared, and it is clarified that our regulations and standard system has deficiencies in three aspects, i. e. , lag in upgrade, the standard route is not unified, and lack of systematic for transformation of the standards. From the long- term goal to see that we should consummate the V＆V regulations and standard system, from the regulatory requirements to the execution of standards, to gradually refine a hierarchy of requirements; while from the short - term view, the requirements of V＆V activities should be carried out from stage division of software development, formation and implementation of various developing plans, the independence of V＆V activities, and documents and records.