基于响应曲面法的马蹄铁型纵磁触头真空灭弧室磁场特性分析及优化

Analysis and Optimization of Magnetic Field Characteristics for Vacuum Interrupter with Horseshoe-shaped Axial Magnetic Field Contacts Based on Response Surface Method

为提高马蹄铁型纵磁触头真空灭弧室的磁场特性,文中对其灭弧室磁场特性进行了基于响应曲面法的优化。选取铁片外径、铁片内外径差及铁片间槽口夹角差值作为3个优化参数,以电流峰值时纵向磁感应强度最大,有效磁场区域宽度最宽及磁场滞后时间最短作为3个优化目标,通过有限元方法建立触头计算模型,采用中心复合实验设计方法安排仿真计算,采用响应曲面方法建立二阶回归模型,通过多目标优化的方式对灭弧室磁场特性进行优化。得到了各优化指标随触头结构参数的变化趋势及灭弧室磁场特性最优时的触头结构参数组合——铁片外径90 mm,内外径差55 mm,铁片间槽口夹角差值8.54°。较优化前,将电流峰值时纵向磁感应强度由633.3 mT提高至713.3 mT,将有效磁场区域宽度由25.2 mm增加至25.9 mm,将磁场滞后时间由1.16 ms缩短至0.77 ms。

To improve the characteristics of the electric field in a vacuum interrupter with horseshoe-shaped axial magnetic field contacts, the response surface method is employed for optimization. Three contact pa- rameters, i.e., the outer diameter of the iron plate（d）, the difference between the outer and inner diame- ters of the iron plate（s）, and the difference of the slot angle between each iron plate（0）, are chosen as the optimizing parameters. The axial magnetic flux density at current peak, the width of effective magnetic area and the phase shift time are chosen as the optimizing objectives. A 3-D finite element model of the contact is built, and simulation is carried out based on the central composite design method. Simulation results are analyzed by the response surface method, and the magnetic field characteristics are optimized by multiple objective optimization. As a result, the optimal values of d, s and 0 are determined as 90 mm, 55 mm and 8.54°, respectively; the axial magnetic flux density at current peak increases from 633.3 to 713.3 mT; the width of effective magnetic area increases from 25.2 to 25.9 mm, and the phase shift time decreases from 1.16 to 0.77 ms.