浙江南麂岛主要森林植被群落学特征研究

Characteristics of Vegetation Communities of the Main Forest Types in Nanji Island,Zhejiang Province

通过对南麂岛台湾相思林、天然阔叶次生林、黑松林、木麻黄林等主要森林植被的群落特征研究,结果表明:1)4种森林类型平均胸径为16.19~19.74cm,平均树高为9.95~11.47m,密度为496~706株/hm^2,蓄积量为91.42~131.49m^3/hm^2。2)4种森林类型中乔木层重要值均集中在前4个树种,优势种分别为台湾相思、木麻黄、野梧桐、乌桕,苦楝、乌桕、黄葛树、臭辣树,黑松、野梧桐、台湾相思、木麻黄,木麻黄、台湾相思、苦楝、海州常山。4种森林类型中灌木层优势种主要为滨柃、柃木、海桐、野梧桐、鹅掌柴、天仙果、海州常山等,草本层优势种主要为五节芒、苎麻、狗尾草、葎草、大狗尾草、野艾蒿、山菅兰、苦蘵等。3)4种森林类型(台湾相思林除外)物种丰富度S排序均为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,多样性SW指数大小均为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,生态优势度ED基本趋势为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,均匀度E排序均为灌木层>草本层>乔木层。

The community characteristics of Acacia confusa forest, natural secondary broadleaved forest, Pinus thunbergii forest and Casuarina equisetifolia forest in Nanji Island were studied. The results showed that 1） the ranges of average DBH, average height, density, and volume of four forest types were 16.19-19.74 cm,9. 95-11. 47 m,496-706 stems per hectare,and 91.42-131.49 m3 per hectare,respec- tively. 2） The top 4 important values of each forest community occupied the great mass of the percentages in the tree layer. The dominant species in tree layer for 4 forest types were A. confusa, C. equisetifolia, Mallotus japonicus , Sapium sebi f erum ; Melia azedarach , Sapium sebi f erum , Ficus virens , Euodia f arge sii ; P. thunbergii, M. japonicus, A. confusa, C. equiseti folia ; C. equiseti folia, a. confusa, M. azedarach, and Clerodendrum trichotomum. The main dominant species in shrub layer for 4 forest types were Eurya emarginata , E. japonica, Pittosporum tobira , M. japonicus, Schef flera octophylla , F. erecta var. beecheyana,Clerodendrum trichotomum. The main dominant species in herb layer for 4 forest types were Miscanthus floridulus , Boehmeria nivea , Setaria viridis , Hurnulus scandens , S. f aberi , Artemisia lavan- dulaefolia ,Dianella ensifolia,Physalis angulata. 3） The order of species abundance for all forest types without Acacia confusa forest was herb layer〉shrub layer;〉 tree layer. The Shannon-Wiener index, ecological dominant index,evenness of 4 forest types were ordered respectively as follows：herb layer〉shrub layer〉tree layer,tree layer〉shrub layer〉herb layer,shrub layer〉herb layer〉tree layer.