小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术对高龄白内障患者的疗效分析

Therapeutic effects of small incision non-phacoemulsification extracapsular cataract extraction on cataract in elderly patients

目的观察分析小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术对50例高龄白内障患者临床疗效。方法选取收治的高龄白内障患者50例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组25例。对照组应用超声乳化白内障吸出术进行治疗,试验组则应用小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术进行治疗。比较2组患者手术前后视力、散光度、眼压、角膜内皮细胞变化情况以及术后并发症发生情况。结果手术后,2组患者手术后的视力情况较手术前改善明显,且试验组患者术后3 d的视力情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者在手术后3 d、1个月的散光度情况较术前改善明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者手术后细胞密度和六角形细胞比率与治疗前相比下降显著,且对照组患者下降水平较试验组更为明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者术后12 h和24 h眼压较治疗前有明显改善,数据差异有明显统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者的不良反应发生率为16.00%较对照组52.00%更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术治疗高龄白内障患者较超声乳化白内障吸出术治疗效果更佳,可有效改善患者视力、散光度以及眼压等临床症状,同时并发症发生情况较少,安全性高。

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of small incision non -phacoemulsification extracapsular cataract extraction on cataract in the elderly .Methods Fifty elderly patients with cataract who were admitted and treated in our hospital from March 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were randomly divided into trial group （ n =25 ） and control group （ n =25）.The patients in control group were treated by phacoemulsification ,however,the patients in trial group were treated by small incision non-phacoemulsification extracapsular cataract extraction .The visual acuity before and after surgery, astigmatism,intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cells and postoperative complications were observed and compared between two groups.Results After surgery,visual acuity of patients was obviously improved in both groups ,as compared with that before surgery,moreover, the visual acuity of patients on 3d after surgery in trial group was superior to that in control group （ P 〈0.05）.The astigmatism status of patients was obviously improved on 3d,1m after surgery in both groups,as compared with that before surgery （ P 〈0.05）.The cell density and proportion of hexagonal cells after operation were significantly decreased in both groups ,as compared with those before operation ,moreover, the decrease extent in control group was more obvious than that in trial group （ P 〈0.05）.On 12h and 24h after surgery, the intraocular pressure was significantly improved,as compared with that before surgery （ P 〈0.05）.The incidence rate of adverse reactions in trial group was 16%,which was significantly lower than that （52%） in control group （ P 〈0.05）.Conclusion The therapeutic effects of small incision non -phacoemulsification extracapsular cataract extraction on cataract in the elderly are suprior to those by phacoemulsification,which can effectively improve patient ＇s visual acuity, astigmatism and intraocular pressure,with safety and fewer complications