脾虚复合肺纤维化影响大鼠肺功能的初步研究

Preliminary study of lung function affected by spleen deficiency pattern combined with pulmonary fibrosis of rats

目的观察灌胃大黄致脾虚后复合博莱霉素造模对大鼠肺功能的影响,以探讨脾虚与肺纤维化的关系。方法将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、脾虚组、模型组、复合组,采用灌胃大黄加饥饱失常30 d的方法建立脾虚模型,然后采用气管内注射博莱霉素(5 mg/kg)复合肺纤维化造模,模拟脾虚证候下罹患肺纤维化。注射博莱霉素4周后检测动物肺功能,计算脏器系数,HE和Masson染色观察肺组织大体及气道病理变化。结果模型组与正常组比较,肺脏质量、肺系数升高(P<0.05),肺动态顺应性(Cydn)、用力肺活量(FVC)、质量FVC下降(P<0.05),第0.4秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的百分比(0.4秒率,FEV0.4/FVC%)增加(P<0.05),用力最大呼气流速(PEF)、最大呼气中期流速(MMF)下降(P<0.05),病理显示气管内注射博莱霉素所致肺纤维化为气道中心性分布,小气道内可见上皮细胞脱落及黏液栓。单纯脾虚动物停止脾虚造模后各项肺功能指标正常。脾虚复合组与模型组比较,0.4秒率显著升高(P<0.05),病理显示肺组织纤维化区域占比增加。结论灌胃大黄加饥饱失常30 d造成脾虚是复合气管内注射博莱霉素造成的肺纤维化大鼠限制性通气功能障碍加重的潜在不利因素。

Objective To observe the effect of spleen deficiency syndrome induced by rhubard solution combined with lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin on lung function of rats, so as to discuss the relation- ship between spleen deficiency syndrome （SDS） and pulmonary fibrosis. Methods SD rats were ran- domly divided into normal group, SDS group, model group, SDS ＋ lung fibrosis group. The rat SDS model was induced by intragastrical administration of rheum officinale with fasting every other day for 30 days. Then the rats were infused bleomycin（5 mg/kg）through tracheal intubation to simulate the lung fibrosis disease with SDS. Four weeks after injection of bleomycin, rats＇ lung function was detected, lung index and spleen index were calculated, and the pathological changes of lung tissue and aiway were ob- served by using HE staining and Masson staining. Results Compared with the normal group, weight of lung, lung index, FEV0.4/FVC% were increased in the model group（P 〈0.05 ）, and the lung dynamic compliance （Cdyn）, forced vital capacity （FVC）, FVC/lung weight decreased, peak expiratory flow rate （PEF） as well as maximal mid-expiratory flow rate （MMF） decreased in model group （P 〈 0.05 ）. What bleomycin caused was characterized by airway centered interstitial fibrosis. In the small airway, the shed epithelial cells and mucus plugs could been seen. The lung function of rats of SDS group had no difference with that of the healthy cats. Compared with the model group, FEV0.4/FVC% significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05 ） and the area ratio of interstitial fibrosis increased in the SDS ＋ lung fibrosis group. Conclusion Spleen deficiency syndrome is a potential adverse factor to aggravate restriction of ventila- tion function due to bleomycin.