民航总医院门诊儿童下呼吸道流感病毒感染调查分析

Clinical analysis of influenza virus-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection in children in Civil Aviation General Hospital

目的调查中国民航总医院门诊近8年儿童下呼吸道流感病毒(IFV)感染状况,为防治提供相关数据。方法选择2008年2月~2016年2月来我院门诊就诊患有下呼吸道流感病毒感染儿童1050例,采集患儿的咽分泌物,应用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测流感病毒,对检测结果为IFVA、IFVB和IFVC型患儿行数据分析,了解8年内每年流感病毒分布情况、不同年龄段患儿流感病毒类型及各季节流感病毒分布情况。结果在8年期间,每年IFA、IFB阳性率均比IFC阳性率高,其中2015年IFA、IFB阳性率最高,分别为65.2%和38.5%;2011年IFC阳性率最高,为10.4%;2012年IFA阳性率最低,为55.6%;2008年IFB、IFC阳性率最低,为24.6%和2.3%;1050例患儿中IFA患儿有618例,IFB患儿345例,IFC患儿87例,IFA阳性率为58.9%,明显高于IFB和IFC(均P<0.05)。1~3岁患儿的IFV阳性率最高,与其他年龄组IFV阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IFA和IFB阳性率最高的患儿年龄为1~3岁,与其他组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。8年内IFV的阳性率有明显的季节性,春季和冬季IFV的阳性率明显升高,其中2009和2010年夏季也出现IFV阳性率增高。结论北京市患儿每年IFA、IFB阳性率均比IFC阳性率高,春季(2~4)月是IFV暴发的高峰期,且1~3岁儿童更易感染,应加强对此年龄段儿童预防流感的意识。

Objective To analyze the situation about children with respiratory tract infection with influenza virus in Beijing Civil Aviation General Hospital. Methods 1050 children with lower respiratory infection with influenza virus were included in the present study. The pharyngeal secretions of the children were collected and detected with reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The annual distribution of the influenza virus, the type of children of different age influenza virus and seasonal flu viruses were analyzed. Results The annual positive rate of IFA and IFB were higher than that of IFC. The annual positive rate of IFA and IFB were highest in 2015 （65.2% and 38.5%）. The annual positive rate of IFC was highest in 2011 （10.4%）. There were 618, 345 and 87 cases with IFA, IFB and IFC. The positive rate of IFA （58.9%） was higher than that of IFB （24.6%） and IFC （2.3%） （P〈0.05）. The rate of IFA and IFB at 1-3 year children was highest among all age groups （P（0.05）. IFV was obviously seasonal. IFV positive rate was significantly increased in the spring and winter. Conclusion The positive rate of IFA and IFB is higher than that of IFC. The peak of IFV outbreak is in the spring.