商品流通的“心脏”：民国时期的汉口堆栈业(1912-1937)

The “Heart” of Circulation of Commodities: The Warehousing Industry of Hankow in the Republic of China (1912-1937)

民国时期,汉口的堆栈业极为繁荣,并且已经成为具有多种职能的综合性服务行业。客商业务的需要以及汉口商业环境的变迁都促使客商对堆栈业产生强烈的依赖性,特别是在1927年以后,堆栈业与银行的合作在很大程度上解决了客商资金周转的困难。堆栈业逐渐成为汉口商业运作中不可或缺的环节,客商贩运货物到汉,均先将货物存入堆栈,遂形成了一种"客商—堆栈"模式。堆栈业在汉口商品流通和金融中占据着重要地位,它的繁荣与否直接决定着一个商业中心城市辐射能力的强弱,因此"客商—堆栈"这一模式的形成与发展,对加强汉口与腹地的联系和扩大汉口商业圈具有重要意义。

Hankow＇s ware-housing industry experienced a boom and became an integrated service industry with multiple functions in the republic of China. The traveling merchants＇ business need and the changes of Hankow＇s commerce environment increased the dependence of traveling merchants to the ware-housing industry. Especially after 1927 ,the cooperation with banks helped to solve the problem of capital shortage. Thus, the ware-housing industry gradually became an irreplaceable part in Hankow＇s commercial operation. When transported to Hankow, goods must be preserved in warehouses at first, which gradually became a fixed patternl--＂Traveling merchants--warehouse＂ pattern. The warehousing industry played an important role in circulation of commodities and finance in Hankow. A boom of ware-housing industry was a guarantee of the powerful radiant ability of a commercial center. Therefore, the consolidation and development of ＂Traveling merchants--warehouse＂ pattern was an important way to reinforce the links between Hankow and the hinterland and expand Hankow＇s hinterland.