国外Altmetrics理论研究与实践进展

A Review of the Theoretical Research and Practice Development of Altmetrics Abroad

为了总结现状,启迪创新,将Altmetrics研究引向深入,利用文献调研和内容分析等方法解读国外Altmetrics理论研究及实践进展,提出未来展望。研究表明:开放存取事业发展、科学交流模式变革和计量研究范式转向是Altmetrics产生的背景;Altmetrics是传统评价机制的合理补充而非全盘替代,论文层面的Altmetrics等同于ALMs,价值特征表现在广度、多样、速度和开放4个方面;Altmetrics对计量工具的依附性较强,目前国际上发展比较成熟的4款工具分别是PLo S,Altmetric,Impact Story和Plum Analytics;研究发现和评价是Altmetrics的两大核心功能,在图书馆和机构知识库领域具有广阔的应用空间;Altmetrics目前仍处于起步阶段,应深化基础理论体系建构研究和应用实践探索。

The purposes of this paper are to summarize the research status, enlighten innovation, and go deep into the study of Ahmetrics. Based on literature investigation and content analysis, the paper analyzes the progress of Ahmetrics research abroad and puts forward future research prospects. Results show that the historical background of Altmetrics includes development of open access, revolution of science communication pattern and paradigm shift in measurement research. Altmetrics is the supplement to traditional evaluation mechanism instead of the replacement. Ahmetrics on article level is equivalent to ALMs with the advantages of broadness, diversity, speed and openness. Ahmetrics is strongly dependent on measuring instrument, and the four relatively ma- ture tools are PLoS, Altmetric, ImpactStory and Plum Analyties. Research discovery and evaluation are the two core functions of Altmetrics, which have broad applications in library and institutional repository. Altmetrics is still in its infancy stage, and the basic theory system construction and application practice exploration should be strengthened in future.