具抗病毒黄精寡糖核心片段的分离纯化与四糖结构

Isolation and purification of the core oligosaccharides fragments with antiviral activity from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and identification of tetrasaccharide structure

寡糖极性大、异构体多、结构复杂,对其研究尤其是对天然来源寡糖的分离纯化与结构确认具有重要的理论和临床应用价值.以传统中药百合科黄精属植物多花黄精为原料,从分离纯化出的具有抗病毒活性的核心寡糖片段出发,制备了聚合度单一的黄精四糖,并以UV、IR、NMR、ESI-MS n、HPLC、GC-MS等多种手段对其组成与结构进行充分解析.结果表明四糖虽然聚合度单一,但仍存在多种同分异构体,且以直链结构的四糖为主,其中→2)-β-D-Fruf以及(2→1)-β-D-Fruf的含量最多,2→6)-β-D-Fruf较低,并且有的同分异构体具有典型的β-D-Fruf-(2→1)-α-D-Glcp结构,但含量甚微.本研究从具抗病毒活性的黄精寡糖分离纯化获得黄精四糖并阐明结构,可为进一步构建活性寡糖小分子和指导多糖类化合物新药设计奠定基础.

The studies of oligosaccharides, especially purification, separation and structure elucidation of oligosaccharides from natural sources, have important clinical value. At the same time, the studies of oligosaccharides also have high theoretical value because oligosaccharides feature with big polar, a huge number of isomers and complex structure.In this paper, the core oligosaccharide fragments with antiviral activity were obtained from the traditional Chinese medicine Liliaceae Polygonatum cyrtonema as raw material. A tetrasaccharide with a single degree of polymerization was subsequently prepared from the isolated and purified core oligosaccharide fragments. The structure of the tetrasaccharide was characterized by methods including UV, IR, NMR, ESI-MS n, HPLC, and GC-MS. The experimental results indicated that the tetrasaccharide with a single degree of polymerization was a linear tetrasaccharide as a predominate isomer. Among the linear tetrasaccharides, the content of→2）-β-D-Fruf and（2→1）-β-D-Fruf was high, while the content of 2→6）-β-D-Fruf is low. In addition, some isomers had a typical structure of β-D-Fruf-（2→1）-α-D-Glcp, but with scarce contents. The tetrasaccharide obtained from the oligosaccharide with antiviral activity and its structure elucidation played foundation for the further building of active oligosaccharides and the development of novel polysaccharide drugs.