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抗N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体脑炎39例临床特点分析 被引量:2

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摘要 目的:了解抗N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)脑炎患者的发病症状、检验检查、治疗及预后等临床特点,为更好的早期诊断抗NMDAR脑炎提供依据及思路。方法:回顾性分析39例诊断为抗NMDAR脑炎的患者病历资料,分析总结其临床特点、治疗及预后。结果:39例患者中,男23例(59.0%),女16例(41.0%),年龄为4~59岁,平均(28.3±13.7)岁。20例(51.3%)伴有不同程度的前驱症状,首发症状多为精神行为异常(46.2%)及癫痫发作(43.6%),有意识障碍14例(35.9%),记忆力减退4例(10.3%),锥体外系症状3例(7.7%)。39例患者脑脊液中抗NMDAR抗体均阳性(100.0%),血清检测9例(23.1%)阳性。头颅MRI表现14例异常(35.9%)。脑脊液病毒抗体6例(15.4%)阳性。脑电图慢波增多5例(12.8%),可见棘波、尖波3例(7.7%)。均给予丙种球蛋白、激素或免疫抑制剂治疗。随访3个月至2年,1例(2.6%)死亡,4例(10.3%)症状无改善,12例(30.8%)症状完全缓解,22例(56.4%)症状稍改善继续药物治疗中。结论:全面认识并掌握抗NMDAR脑炎的临床特点,早期诊治,合理用药,有利于改善患者预后并降低病死率。
出处 《实用医学杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2017年第4期609-611,共3页 The Journal of Practical Medicine
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