山东近岸3处人工鱼礁区VPUE的分析研究

Analysis of Value Per Unit Effort of Three Artificial Reefs of Shandong Coast

基于2012—2013年对威海小石岛、威海俚岛、日照前三岛鱼礁区的渔获物调查结果,采用各物种的VPUE(The value per unit effort),确定了3处人工鱼礁区和对照区的主要经济物种并对其进行对比分析,检验了3处人工鱼礁区是否可以提高当地渔业收益;采用非度量多维标度分析方法(MDS)分析了3处鱼礁区和对照区的VPUE结构并进行了差异性分析。研究表明,在3处鱼礁区之间以及鱼礁区和对照区之间的主要经济物种的种类和价值贡献率都具有明显的差异;3处鱼礁区的VPUE结构在鱼礁区之间具有明显的差异(R=0.414,P=0.003),在季节之间不具有明显的差异(R=-0.052,P=0.637>0.05);3处人工鱼礁区都能提高当地渔业收益;3处鱼礁区的VPUE相对于对照区平均增加了160.8%,俚岛、前三岛和小石岛人工鱼礁区的VPUE分别增加了312.7%、98.3%和71.3%。

The fixed gill net survey was carried out in three artificial reefs and correspondedcontrol areas respectively off Shandong Coast from Sept.,2012 to Aug.,2013.Based on the survey,the value per unit effort（VPUE）was used as an indicator for an economic analysis of the catch from the artificial reefs to test the potential to increase fishing incomes and provide relevant suggestions to develop and manage three artificial reefs.The study identified the commercial species by the VPUE of each species from catches,and analyzed the different species abundance and richness between sites.Nonmetric multidimensional scaling（MDS）was used to analyze the difference of composition of VPUE from variety of sites.Difference was shown in commercial species abundance and richnessbetween reefs andcontrol area.Differences were shown in commercial species abundance and richness between locations.Locationwas the significant factor that influencedthe composition of VPUE（R=0.414,P=0.003）,insteadof season（R=-0.052,P=0.6370.05）.The results demonstrated the potential（regionally different）ofincreasing fishing income at all sites.In the three artificial reefs,compared with the control,the average VPUE of artificial reefs increased by 160.8%,among them,the average VPUE of the artificial reefs in Lidao（ARL）increased the most（by 312.7%）.The Artificial reefs in Qiansandao（ARQ）and the artificial reefs in the Xiaoshidao（ARX）increased by 98.3% and 71.3%,respectively.