基质配比和缓释肥量对塔姆岛金花茶容器苗质量的影响

Effect of substrate ratio and slow-release fertilizer dose on the growth of Camellia tamdaoensis Hakoda et Ninh seedlings

以塔姆岛金花茶为研究对象,采用析因试验设计方法,系统研究不同基质配比和缓释肥量对塔姆岛金花茶容器苗生长和质量的影响,并提出优选方案。结果表明:基质配比对苗木根系发育的影响较缓释肥量强,含草炭基质配方N1(草炭∶珍珠岩=2∶3)、N2(草炭∶珍珠岩=3∶2)对容器苗高和叶片数影响最大,基质N1的一级侧根数最多,M2(3.0 kg/m^3)缓释肥量苗木的苗高、叶片数、总鲜重生长量均为最大;不同基质间苗高、叶片数一级侧根数和根差异显著;两因素方差分析结果表明,塔姆岛金花茶容器苗各生长性状的两因素效应均达显著水平(主根长除外),且苗高、叶片数、总鲜重、一级侧根数、根幅的两因素交互效应也达显著水平。综合各因素对塔姆岛金花茶1年生容器苗生长的主效应和互作效应,选出塔姆岛金花茶容器育苗最优方案,即草炭∶珍珠岩按体积比3∶2配比基质,并增施3.0 kg/m^3缓释肥爱贝施(APEX)。

In factorial experiment design, Camellia tamdaoensis Hakoda et Ninh seedlings were used to study the effect of the different substrate ratios and slow release fertilizer on the growth and root trait development, it is amide to select the optimum scheme about substrate ratio and fertilizer doses for the seedlings.The results showed that the effect of the different substrate ratios on the root growth was stronger than the slow release fertilizer, the influence of substrate formula（peat：pearlite = 2：3）, N2（peat：pearlite = 3：2） on the seedling height and leaf number was greatest; the seedlings of N1 had more secondary roots than others.The treatment of M2（3.0kg/m^3） sustained release fertilizer had the highest height, the largest number of leaves and the greatest fresh weight.The difference of seedling height, number of leaves and secondary roots was significant between different substrate treatments.Two factors analysis of variance showed that, the effect of two factors of all seedling growth characteristics had reached significant level（except taproot length）, and the effect of two factors interaction of seedling height, leaf number, total fresh weight, secondary root number and root width was significant, too.Optimum scheme was selected according to the the main effects and interaction effects of all factors to the 1 year container seedling growth comprehensively, the most suitable substrate is treated as peat：pearlite = 3：2）, and the application of 3.0 kg/m^3 slow release fertilizer（APEX）.