超声辅助提取火龙果果皮花色苷及稳定性研究

Study on ultrasonic-assisted extraction and stability of anthocyanins from pitaya peel

本文在单因素实验的基础上,用响应面优化了超声辅助提取火龙果皮花色苷的工艺条件,并探讨了其稳定性。结果表明:响应面法优化的工艺条件为:乙醇浓度19%,提取时间11 min,提取温度40℃,料液比1∶95(m∶V),在该条件下提取火龙果皮花色苷含量为159.14 mg/100 g。高温、碱、氧化剂和还原剂可严重降低其稳定性;光照可使花色苷分解;葡萄糖和蔗糖对花色苷影响很小,甚至可以保护花色苷;Ca^(2+)、Sn^(2+)等金属离子能破坏其稳定性,Na+、Zn^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、K^+等金属离子对其稳定性影响较小。

The ultrasonic- assisted extraction conditions and stability of anthocyanins from pitaya peel by response surface methodology were studied on the basis of single factor test. The results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were alcohol concentration of 19% ,extraction time of 11 min,the ratio of material to fluid of 1：95 （m： V） , extraction temperature of 40℃ .The anthocyanins content was 159.14 mg/100 g under optimized conditions. High temperature, alkali, oxidizer and reductant could reduce the stability of anthocyanins severely.Light could speed up its degradationt.Sucrose and glucose additives displayed little effect on the stability of anthocyanins even could protect it.Ca^2＋ and Sn^2＋ could reduce the stability of anthocyanins.Na^＋ ,Zn^2＋,Mg^2＋ and K^＋ had little effect on the stability of anthocyanins.